“utf-8”编解码器无法解码字节0x80

Question

我正在尝试下载经过BVLC训练的模型，但我遇到了这个错误

UnicodeDecodeError: 'utf-8' codec can't decode byte 0x80 in position 110: invalid start byte

我想是因为下面的函数（complete code）

  # Closure-d function for checking SHA1.
  def model_checks_out(filename=model_filename, sha1=frontmatter['sha1']):
      with open(filename, 'r') as f:
          return hashlib.sha1(f.read()).hexdigest() == sha1

知道怎么解决吗？

Answer 1

打开的文件不是UTF-8编码的，而系统的默认编码设置为UTF-8。

因为您正在计算SHA1散列，所以应该改为将数据读取为binary。hashlib函数要求传入字节：

with open(filename, 'rb') as f:
    return hashlib.sha1(f.read()).hexdigest() == sha1

注意在文件模式中添加了b。

请参见^{} documentation：

mode is an optional string that specifies the mode in which the file is opened. It defaults to 'r' which means open for reading in text mode. [...] In text mode, if encoding is not specified the encoding used is platform dependent: locale.getpreferredencoding(False) is called to get the current locale encoding. (For reading and writing raw bytes use binary mode and leave encoding unspecified.)

从^{} module documentation：

You can now feed this object with bytes-like objects (normally bytes) using the update() method.