virtualenv在错误的地方寻找易于安装的其他文件

Question

不知怎么的，我在mac上搞砸了Python2.7的安装，所以我试图用“brew安装python”重新安装。现在，当我尝试创建一个新的virtualenv时，它会抛出一个错误：找不到/bin/easy\u install。easy_install实际上位于/usr/local/bin/easy\u install中。如果我把它符号链接到/bin，virtualenv会失败，并出现/bin/pip等等-它要查找的每个文件实际上都在/usr/local/bin not/bin中

如何使virtualenv永远处于正确的位置：/usr/local/bin？在

$ virtualenv env
New python executable in /Users/myusername/code/lambda/env/bin/python2.7
Also creating executable in /Users/myusername/code/lambda/env/bin/python
Installing setuptools, pip, wheel...
  Complete output from command /Users/myusername/c...da/env/bin/python2.7 -c "import sys, pip; sys...d\"] + sys.argv[1:]))" setuptools pip wheel:
  Ignoring indexes: https://pypi.python.org/simple
Collecting setuptools
Collecting pip
Collecting wheel
Installing collected packages: setuptools, pip, wheel
Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/virtualenv_support/pip-7.1.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/basecommand.py", line 211, in main
    status = self.run(options, args)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/virtualenv_support/pip-7.1.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/commands/install.py", line 311, in run
    root=options.root_path,
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/virtualenv_support/pip-7.1.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/req/req_set.py", line 646, in install
    **kwargs
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/virtualenv_support/pip-7.1.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/req/req_install.py", line 803, in install
    self.move_wheel_files(self.source_dir, root=root)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/virtualenv_support/pip-7.1.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/req/req_install.py", line 998, in move_wheel_files
    isolated=self.isolated,
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/virtualenv_support/pip-7.1.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/wheel.py", line 465, in move_wheel_files
    generated.extend(maker.make(spec))
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/virtualenv_support/pip-7.1.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/_vendor/distlib/scripts.py", line 353, in make
    self._make_script(entry, filenames, options=options)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/virtualenv_support/pip-7.1.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/_vendor/distlib/scripts.py", line 257, in _make_script
    self._write_script(scriptnames, shebang, script, filenames, ext)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/virtualenv_support/pip-7.1.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/_vendor/distlib/scripts.py", line 231, in _write_script
    self._fileop.write_binary_file(outname, script_bytes)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/virtualenv_support/pip-7.1.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/_vendor/distlib/util.py", line 388, in write_binary_file
    with open(path, 'wb') as f:
IOError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/bin/easy_install'
----------------------------------------
...Installing setuptools, pip, wheel...done.
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/bin/virtualenv", line 9, in <module>
    load_entry_point('virtualenv==13.2.0.dev0', 'console_scripts', 'virtualenv')()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/virtualenv.py", line 699, in main
    symlink=options.symlink)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/virtualenv.py", line 872, in create_environment
    install_wheel(to_install, py_executable, search_dirs)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/virtualenv.py", line 837, in install_wheel
    'PIP_USER': '0'
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/virtualenv.py", line 777, in call_subprocess
    % (cmd_desc, proc.returncode))
OSError: Command /Users/myusername/c...da/env/bin/python2.7 -c "import sys, pip; sys...d\"] + sys.argv[1:]))" setuptools pip wheel failed with error code 2

在输出的一半左右，您可以看到virtualenv正在寻找/bin/easy\u安装

^{pr2}$

但它应该在/usr/local/bin中查找，因为这是我现在仅有的一个简单的_安装，而且它可以工作：

$ which easy_install
/usr/local/bin/easy_install

$ easy_install
install_dir /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/
error: No urls, filenames, or requirements specified (see --help)

我试过pip卸载virtualenv然后pip安装virtualenv，但没用-同样的问题。在

有人知道怎么解决这个问题吗？在

谢谢！在

=================

编辑：解决了！ 尝试使用/usr/local/bin/virtualenv-2.7，它的工作与预期一样。我把/usr/local/bin/virtualenv移到了/usr/local/bin/virtualenv-2.7，然后将其符号链接到/usr/local/bin/virtualenv——现在看来一切都很好。在

Answer 1

解决了！尝试使用/usr/local/bin/virtualenv-2.7，它的工作与预期一样。我把/usr/local/bin/virtualenv移到了/usr/local/bin/virtualenv-2.7并将其符号链接到/usr/local/bin/virtualenv-现在看来一切都很好。在

Answer 2

我编译了我自己的python3，然后安装了virtualenvwrapper。但是在我从编译自己的Python改为使用^{} PPA之后，我遇到了上面问题中描述的问题。在

似乎virtualenv脚本的#!部分有问题。在

我得到的错误如下：

nb@ubuntu-0xA520322HC30H:~/proj/redis-py$ mkvirtualenv  python='/usr/bin/python3' redispytest
bash: /home/nb/.local/bin/virtualenv: /usr/local/bin/python3.6: bad interpreter: No such file or directory

我的系统Python设置有以下符号链接和Python位置：

^{pr2}$

在/home/nb/.local/bin/¹中：

nb@ubuntu-0xA520322HC30H:~/proj/redis-py$ cd ~/.local/bin
nb@ubuntu-0xA520322HC30H:~/.local/bin$ ls
pbr  pip2    pip3    virtualenv        virtualenvwrapper_lazy.sh
pip  pip2.7  pip3.5  virtualenv-clone  virtualenvwrapper.sh

我想知道这个神秘的、完全不存在的/usr/local/bin/python3.6在代码中的什么位置。在

所以我安装了一个全文搜索工具，并在~/.local文件夹中查找它。在

nb@ubuntu-0xA520322HC30H:~$ cd .local
nb@ubuntu-0xA520322HC30H:~/.local$ sudo apt-get install  quiet  quiet silversearcher-ag
nb@ubuntu-0xA520322HC30H:~/.local$ ag '/usr/local/bin/python3.6'
bin/virtualenv-clone
1:#!/usr/local/bin/python3.6

bin/pbr
1:#!/usr/local/bin/python3.6

看起来像Python的静态引用有两处。在

我现在有两个选择：

1. 我可以编辑其中的/usr/local/bin/python3.6文本以引用/usr/bin/python3.6

2. 我可以从/usr/local/bin/python3.6->；/usr/bin/python3.6

我对bin/virtualenv-clone文件使用了选项1：

但我也做了选择2，以防这个问题存在于我的系统的其他地方。在

nb@ubuntu-0xA520322HC30H:~$ sudo ln -s /usr/bin/python3.6 /usr/local/bin/python3.6

好吧，不管它是什么，都奏效了：

nb@ubuntu-0xA520322HC30H:~/.local$ mkvirtualenv  python='/usr/bin/python3' redispytest
Running virtualenv with interpreter /usr/bin/python3
Using base prefix '/usr'
New python executable in /home/nb/Envs/redispytest/bin/python3
Also creating executable in /home/nb/Envs/redispytest/bin/python
Installing setuptools, pip, wheel...done.
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/nb/Envs/redispytest/bin/predeactivate
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/nb/Envs/redispytest/bin/postdeactivate
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/nb/Envs/redispytest/bin/preactivate
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/nb/Envs/redispytest/bin/postactivate
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/nb/Envs/redispytest/bin/get_env_details
(redispytest) nb@ubuntu-0xA520322HC30H:~/.local$

总结：找出virtualenv试图使用的解释器位置，并从该位置创建一个符号链接到实际的Python。在

您需要这样做的原因是，至少有几个virtualenv位置将有一个#!行，它引用一个特定的位置，但是如果您从编译自己的Python切换到使用PPA，则不会发生变化。在

一开始我对这样做很犹豫，因为我更喜欢让包管理器来处理这类事情，而不是让我的路径太复杂。但似乎没有其他方法可以解决这个问题。我尝试卸载并重新安装virtualenv和virtualenvwrapper，但没有成功。在

¹Hmmm。。。在my.local/bin中有pbr。下一步呢，我的本地冰箱？该死的时髦货。