使用pip3安装包时，“Python中的ssl模块不可用”

Question

我已经成功地在本地计算机上安装了Python 3.4和python3.6，但是无法使用pip3安装软件包。

当我执行pip3 install <package>时，会出现以下与SSL相关的错误：

pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not available.
Collecting <package>
  Could not fetch URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/<package>/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available. - skipping
  Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement <package> (from versions: )
No matching distribution found for <package>

如何修复Python3.x安装，以便可以使用pip install <package>安装软件包？

Answer 1

如果您在Windows上使用anaconda，这对我有效：

我尝试了许多其他不起作用的解决方案（环境路径变量更改…）

此问题可能是由其他软件放置在Windows\System32文件夹中的dll（例如libcrypto-1_1-x64.dll或libssl-1_1-x64.dll或其他）引起的。

修复程序是从https://slproweb.com/products/Win32OpenSSL.html安装openSSL，它用更新的版本替换dll。

Answer 2

如果您在Red Hat/CentOS上：

# To allow for building python ssl libs
yum install openssl-devel
# Download the source of *any* python version
cd /usr/src
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.2/Python-3.6.2.tar.xz
tar xf Python-3.6.2.tar.xz 
cd Python-3.6.2

# Configure the build w/ your installed libraries
./configure

# Install into /usr/local/bin/python3.6, don't overwrite global python bin
make altinstall

Answer 3

在Ubuntu中安装Python 3.6和pip3的分步指南

1. 为Python和ssl安装必要的包：$ sudo apt-get install libreadline-gplv2-dev libncursesw5-dev libssl-dev libsqlite3-dev tk-dev libgdbm-dev libc6-dev libbz2-dev

2. 从https://www.python.org/ftp/python/下载并解压缩“Python-3.6.8.tar.xz”到主目录。

3. 打开该目录中的终端并运行：$ ./configure

4. 构建并安装：$ sudo make && sudo make install

5. 安装软件包时使用：$ pip3 install package_name