使用python正则表达式只提取第一个匹配项

Question

我有一个字符串如下：

course_name = "Post Graduate Certificate Programme in Retail Management (PGCPRM) (Online)"

我只想提取“PGCPRM”或第一个括号内的值，并有一个新的课程名称，如下所示：

^{pr2}$

Answer 1

在第一个括号中提取值

>>> course_name = "Post Graduate Certificate Programme in Retail Management (PGCPRM) (Online)"
>>> x = re.search(r'\(.*?\)',course_name).group()
>>> x
'(PGCPRM)'

然后更换

^{pr2}$

Answer 2

您可以使用str.replace()：

>>> course_name = "Post Graduate Certificate Programme in Retail Management (PGCPRM) (Online)"
>>> course_name.replace('(PGCPRM) ','')
'Post Graduate Certificate Programme in Retail Management (Online)'

编辑：如果要替换(Online)之前的单词，则需要regex和positive look-behind：

^{pr2}$

或者，如果要删除第一个括号，请使用以下命令：

>>> re.sub(r'(\(\w+\) ).*?','',course_name)
'Post Graduate Certificate Programme in Retail Management (Online)'

提取时使用re.search：

>>> re.search(r'(\(.*?\))',course_name).group(0)
'(PGCPRM)'

Answer 3

很简单：

In [8]: course_name
Out[8]: 'Post Graduate Certificate Programme in Retail Management (PGCPRM) (Online)'

In [9]: print re.sub('\([A-Z]+\)\s*', '', course_name)
Post Graduate Certificate Programme in Retail Management (Online)

In [17]: print re.search('\(([A-Z]+)\)\s*', course_name).groups()[0]
PGCPRM