如何使用Django ModelForm以初始值提供请求的用户，并在Django admin中分配表单

Question

我希望使用ModelForm和generic CreateView创建文章，而不选择我的用户作为作者。作者应该是请求的用户。 我知道它可以用多种方式解决，但我想用一种可以在任何地方使用的表单（django admin和views）来解决它

到目前为止，我已经尝试过：

型号.py

class Article(TimeStampedModel):
    ...
    author = models.ForeignKey(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL,
                               on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    content = RichTextUploadingField(config_name='default')
    status = models.CharField(max_length=10,
                              choices=STATUS_CHOICES,
                              default='draft')
    ...

forms.py

class ArticleCreateForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = Article
        fields = [
            'title', 'featured_image', 'content', 'status'
        ]
    
    author = forms.IntegerField(widget=forms.HiddenInput)
    
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        user_field = kwargs.get('instance')
        self.fields['author'].initial = user_field.id

视图.py

class ArticleCreate(CreateView):
    form_class = ArticleCreateForm
    template_name = 'articles/article_form.html'

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        form = self.form_class(instance=request.user)
        return render(request, self.template_name, {'form': form})

    def form_valid(self, form):
        return super().form_valid(form)

    def form_invalid(self, form):
        return HttpResponse(str(form.errors))

它呈现表单，但不是保存文章，而是引发以下错误：

  File "/home/tareq/Desktop/PERSONAL/Blog/blog/blog/articles/forms.py", line 19, in __init__
    self.fields['author'].initial = user_field.id
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'id'
ERROR 2021-01-23 00:58:31,533 log 85374 140159710901824 Internal Server Error: /new/
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/tareq/.local/share/virtualenvs/Blog-i5phkViF/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", line 34, in inner
    response = get_response(request)
  File "/home/tareq/.local/share/virtualenvs/Blog-i5phkViF/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 115, in _get_response
    response = self.process_exception_by_middleware(e, request)
  File "/home/tareq/.local/share/virtualenvs/Blog-i5phkViF/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 113, in _get_response
    response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
  File "/home/tareq/.pyenv/versions/3.8.0/lib/python3.8/contextlib.py", line 75, in inner
    return func(*args, **kwds)
  File "/home/tareq/.local/share/virtualenvs/Blog-i5phkViF/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/views/generic/base.py", line 71, in view
    return self.dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/tareq/.local/share/virtualenvs/Blog-i5phkViF/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/views/generic/base.py", line 97, in dispatch
    return handler(request, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/tareq/.local/share/virtualenvs/Blog-i5phkViF/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/views/generic/edit.py", line 172, in post
    return super().post(request, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/tareq/.local/share/virtualenvs/Blog-i5phkViF/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/views/generic/edit.py", line 140, in post
    form = self.get_form()
  File "/home/tareq/.local/share/virtualenvs/Blog-i5phkViF/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/views/generic/edit.py", line 33, in get_form
    return form_class(**self.get_form_kwargs())
  File "/home/tareq/Desktop/PERSONAL/Blog/blog/blog/articles/forms.py", line 19, in __init__
    self.fields['author'].initial = user_field.id
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'id'

Answer 1

似乎您缺少了在提交表单时实际获取用户ID的逻辑。如果查看此文档，您将看到需要引用请求对象以获取用户信息，并让视图逻辑将request.user_id分配给新实例

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/topics/class-based-views/generic-editing/#models-and-request-user