<pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>import string
car_dict = {k: [] for k in string.ascii_lowercase[0:26]}
with open('Test.txt', 'r') as f:
for line in f:
for car in map(str.strip, line.split(',')):
car_dict[car[0].lower()].append(car)
</code></pre>
<p>结果如下:</p>
<pre class="lang-sh prettyprint-override"><code>{'a': ['amc Rebel sst', 'amc Ambassador dpl'], 'b': ['Buick skylark 320'], 'c': ['Chevrolet chevelle malibu', 'Chevrolet Impala', 'Chevrolet Monte Carlo'], 'd': ['Dodge Challenger se'], 'e': [], 'f': ['Ford torino', 'Ford galaxie 500'], 'g': [], 'h': [], 'i': [], 'j': [], 'k': [], 'l': [], 'm': [], 'n': [], 'o': [], 'p': ['Plymouth satellite', 'Plymouth fury III', 'Pontiac catalina', "Plymouth 'cuda 340"], 'q': [], 'r': [], 's': [], 't': [], 'u': [], 'v': [], 'w': [], 'x': [], 'y': [], 'z': []}
</code></pre>
<p>如果您想要一本只包含字母且至少有一个相关car的词典:</p>
<pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>car_dict = {}
with open('Test.txt', 'r') as f:
for line in f:
for car in map(str.strip, line.split(',')):
car_dict.setdefault(car[0].lower(), []).append(car)
</code></pre>
<pre class="lang-sh prettyprint-override"><code>{'c': ['Chevrolet chevelle malibu', 'Chevrolet Impala', 'Chevrolet Monte Carlo'], 'b': ['Buick skylark 320'], 'p': ['Plymouth satellite', 'Plymouth fury III', 'Pontiac catalina', "Plymouth 'cuda 340"], 'a': ['amc Rebel sst', 'amc Ambassador dpl'], 'f': ['Ford torino', 'Ford galaxie 500'], 'd': ['Dodge Challenger se']}
</code></pre>