识别最高峰值，并通过保持最高峰值作为参考，返回最高峰值左右两侧较低的值

Question

我有数据，我需要通过保持最高值或峰值作为参考来返回较低的值，有许多峰值，我需要返回每个峰值的低点，并将它们存储到变量中

样本数据：

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'6444', '6434', '6400', '6391', '6404', '6391', '6379', '6370', '6363', '6364', '6373', '6370', '6364', '6362', '6370', '6371', '6370', '6384', '6379', '6357', '6364', '6381', '6369', '6356', '6369', '6369', '6366', '6367', '6360', '6362', '6386', '6393', '6381', '6371', '6377', '6379', '6377', '6383', '6373', '6357', '6364', '6376', '6380', '6362', '6377', '6383', '6388', '6400', '6401', '6373', '6383', '6407', '6404', '6400', '6400', '6383', '6398', '6407', '6410', '6394', '6397', '6408', '6407', '6401', '6394', '6390', '6401', '6414', '6404', '6393', '6408', '6420', '6408', '6407', '6407', '6398', '6407', '6408', '6405', '6394', '6401', '6405', '6404', '6400', '6410', '6405', '6401', '6408', '6414', '6397', '6397', '6396', '6398', '6400', '6408', '6410', '6407', '6412', '6424', '6421', '6422', '6411', '6414', '6412', '6420', '6407', '6408', '6412', '6412', '6401', '6407', '6412', '6417', '6420', '6424', '6410', '6417', '6422', '6410', '6393', '6412', '6425', '6407', '6403', '6412', '6408', '6405', '6407', '6414', '6410', '6420', '6429', '6415', '6410', '6412', '6408', '6412', '6421', '6410', '6408', '6418', '6412', '6401', '6398', '6410', '6405', '6398', '6411', '6412', '6401', '6407', '6412', '6412', '6417', '6425', '6412', '6418', '6428', '6429', '6412', '6417', '6420', '6420', '6425', '6427', '6418', '6414', '6415', '6415', '6412', '6421', '6424', '6417', '6420', '6449', '6466', '6469', '6478', '6500', '6506', '6523', '6536', '6531', '6541', '6554', '6545', '6533', '6537', '6534', '6538', '6558', '6572', '6562', '6572', '6585', '6578', '6582', '6595', '6615', '6604', '6602', '6596', '6589', '6585', '6595', '6608', '6612', '6605', '6589', '6571', '6575', '6558', '6541', '6529', '6519', '6504', '6499', '6495', '6495', '6480', '6482', '6483', '6478', '6485', '6485', '6452', '6437', '6439', '6435', '6431', '6444', '6458', '6465', '6469', '6479', '6482', '6476', '6489', '6496', '6475', '6470', '6475', '6472', '6478', '6478', '6469', '6475', '6492', '6516', '6503', '6510', '6523', '6514', '6513', '6516', '6503', '6512', '6537', '6538', '6513', '6502', '6512', '6555', '6612', '6711', '6802', '6885', '7003', '7107', '7205', '7308', '7368', '7303', '7178', '7136', '7070', '6862', '6663', '6540', '6415', '6288', '6203', '6176', '6189', '6210', '6214', '6238', '6287', '6333', '6371', '6414', '6459', '6485', '6506', '6521', '6526', '6553', '6570', '6577', '6585', '6588', '6588', '6591', '6591', '6609', '6616', '6620', '6629', '6636', '6622', '6625', '6611', '6598', '6587', '6594', '6592', '6599', '6596', '6606', '6613', '6630', '6647', '6640', '6646', '6652', '6629', '6616', '6625', '6625', '6622', '6640', '6643', '6650', '6639', '6647', '6660', '6669', '6669', '6666', '6646', '6637', '6650', '6636', '6639', '6662', '6654', '6656', '6677', '6694', '6688', '6701', '6714', '6712', '6708', '6722', '6722', '6722', '6728', '6729', '6731', '6744', '6749', '6755', '6765', '6792', '6795', '6778', '6790', '6807', '6809', '6799', '6814', '6824', '6819', '6830', '6850', '6864', '6872', '6891', '6887', '6902', '6929', '6928', '6923', '6929', '6939', '6937', '6937', '6940', '6939', '6959', '6966', '6959', '6957', '6963', '6952', '6953', '6970', '6980', '6969', '6956', '6969', '6969', '6973', '6974', '6970', '6962', '6947', '6936', '6911', '6887', '6882', '6870', '6847', '6840', '6820', '6799', '6790', '6792', '6779', '6769', '6753', '6738', '6722', '6712', '6701', '6691', '6681', '6683', '6671', '6666', '6660', '6643', '6652', '6652', '6640', '6622', '6613', '6623', '6623', '6620', '6609', '6618', '6620', '6623', '6628', '6618', '6620', '6625', '6619', '6616', '6626', '6633', '6632', '6635', '6633', '6636', '6650', '6663', '6653', '6647', '6643', '6639', '6646', '6654', '6662', '6652', '6656', '6667', '6660', '6663', '6673', '6660', '6652', '6663', '6662', '6642', '6640', '6650', '6645', '6653', '6676', '6673', '6657', '6667', '6670', '6676', '6686', '6679', '6653', '6656', '6664', '6650', '6652', '6656', '6650', '6643', '6645', '6649', '6646', '6649', '6653', '6645', '6662', '6662', '6650', '6643', '6649', '6653', '6657', '6662', '6664', '6654', '6652', '6650', '6659', '6659', '6662', '6666', '6662', '6659', '6656', '6654', '6646', '6663', '6659', '6649', '6652', '6652', '6647', '6636', '6646', '6649', '6642', '6643', '6647', '6636', '6636', '6632', '6629', '6629', '6646', '6632', '6622', '6620', '6625', '6628', '6629', '6637', '6633', '6635', '6637', '6633', '6640', '6637', '6636', '6646', '6637', '6625', '6620', '6626', '6628', '6629', '6619', '6630', '6642', '6639', '6637', '6645', '6628', '6625', '6645', '6643', '6632', '6626', '6625', '6622', '6633', '6635', '6623', '6626', '6632', '6629', '6626', '6632', '6637', '6622', '6633', '6642', '6640', '6647', '6654', '6652', '6635', '6646', '6656', '6646', '6649', '6652', '6640', '6630', '6647', '6662', '6669', '6659', '6652', '6667', '6686', '6704', '6722', '6720', '6720', '6738', '6748', '6762', '6759', '6746', '6755', '6761', '6758', '6766', '6780', '6792', '6793', '6806', '6820', '6816', '6830', '6837', '6821', '6816', '6804', '6802', '6800', '6804', '6796', '6790', '6786', '6785', '6779', '6769', '6758', '6732', '6717', '6714', '6693', '6666', '6660', '6676', '6653', '6649', '6664', '6666', '6663', '6657', '6653', '6636', '6636', '6642', '6625', '6608', '6616', '6615', '6623', '6633', '6646', '6649', '6649', '6650', '6643', '6642', '6649', '6639', '6630', '6633', '6630', '6640', '6654', '6660', '6657', '6656', '6663', '6676', '6674', '6671', '6669', '6650', '6650', '6659', '6663', '6669', '6663', '6659', '6680', '6746', '6819', '6901', '6988', '7097', '7198', '7295', '7416', '7469', '7438', '7338', '7261', '7218', '7073', '6855', '6700', '6604', '6500', '6398', '6337', '6339', '6370', '6371', '6380', '6432', '6487', '6499', '6523', '6548', '6584', '6637', '6659', '6676', '6694', '6704', '6707', '6708', '6732', '6728', '6717', '6724', '6725', '6727', '6737', '6744', '6746', '6745', '6772', '6778', '6772', '6763', '6751', '6734', '6745', '6755', '6756', '6753', '6765', '6756', '6739', '6739', '6741', '6744', '6763', '6772', '6756', '6752', '6775', '6783', '6773', '6780', '6787', '6768', '6768', '6768', '6755', '6751', '6738', '6751', '6758', '6765', '6780', '6770', '6786', '6816', '6810', '6812', '6826', '6816', '6793', '6800', '6809', '6789', '6782', '6802', '6807', '6802', '6812', '6824', '6850', '6884', '6896', '6878', '6874', '6885', '6887', '6879', '6889', '6906', '6895', '6895', '6906', '6922', '6943', '6962', '6970', '6977', '6987', '6978', '6984', '6988', '6984', '6971', '6970', '6978', '6976', '6978', '6981', '6978', '6974', '6988', '7010', '7010', '7000', '6997', '6988', '6981', '6987', '6969', '6953', '6959', '6953', '6935', '6935', '6930', '6902', '6889', '6895', '6879', '6853', '6833', '6809', '6782', '6762', '6755', '6739', '6722', '6728', '6710', '6697', '6687', '6686', '6666', '6660', '6656', '6643', '6642', '6636', '6611', '6602', '6599', '6596', '6596', '6594', '6584', '6581', '6588', '6589', '6582', '6579', '6578', '6591', '6592', '6591', '6578', '6562', '6555', '6575', '6577', '6561', '6555', '6555', '6553', '6565', '6579', '6570', '6561', '6564', '6568', '6561', '6587', '6592', '6577', '6575', '6594']

这里[723772887215724273687469]这些是峰/高元素

我需要找到：

Q=(lowest value on left of each peak/high element)
S=(lowest value on the right of each peak/high element)

到目前为止，我的计划（寻找高峰）：

lead_2=['#Those values']
print (lead_2)
lead_2 = list(map(int, lead_2))
idx = range(len(lead_2))
pval = [1 - sum([i >= j for j in lead_2]) / (len(lead_2)+1) for i in lead_2]
stat_pval = [idx for idx,p in enumerate(pval) if p <= 0.01]
grps = []
consec_idx = []
stat_pval.append(stat_pval[-1]+2)

for i in range(len(stat_pval)-1):
    if stat_pval[i] == stat_pval[i+1]-1:
        consec_idx.append(stat_pval[i])
    else:
        consec_idx.append(stat_pval[i])
        grps.append(consec_idx)
        consec_idx = []
del consec_idx
del stat_pval[-1]
idx_and_max_per_peak = []
Peak_value=[max(lead_2[grp[0]:grp[-1]+1]) for grp in grps]
print ('HighestPeak_value=',Peak_value)

示例法

让我们坐飞机吧

A=['22','21','22','23','24','25','26','27','28','27','24','15','23','22','32','30','28','20','27','17','22','28','42','40','35','22','16']

这里的峰值是（28,32,42），我需要每个峰值前后的低值

像

• B=每个峰值左侧的21,22,17#低点
• C=每个峰值右侧的15,20,16#低点

Answer 1

在列表中查找相对值的模式时，zip（）函数非常有用。它允许您获得相邻值的配对（或三元组）

def findHighPeaks(A,count):
    # positions of values that are top of hills or bottom of valleys
    pivots   = [i for a,(i,b),c in zip(A,enumerate(A[1:],1),A[2:])
                                if a>b and b<c or a<b and b>c]

    # merge pivot positions into triples
    # representing the low-high-low or high-low-high indexes
    iWaves = [(left,mid,right) for left,mid,right
                               in  zip([0]+pivots,pivots,pivots[1:]+[len(A)-1])]
    
    # extract only peak values from patterns of hills and valleys
    peaks  = [(A[left],A[mid],A[right]) for left,mid,right in iWaves
                                        if A[left]<A[mid]]

    # find the highest peaks, and put them in a set
    highPeaks = set(sorted(peaks,key=lambda p:p[1])[-count:])

    # Return high peaks, in original order
    return [p for p in peaks if p in highPeaks]

# A = big list
    
Q,R,S = zip(*findHighPeaks(A,6)) # large example
print(R) # (7237, 7288, 7215, 7242, 7368, 7469) peaks
print(Q) # (6420, 6475, 6388, 6381, 6502, 6659) Low on the left
print(S) # (6076, 6180, 6452, 6018, 6176, 6337) Low on the right

A = ['22','21','22','23','24','25','26','27','28','27','24','15','23',
   '22','32','30','28','20','27','17','22','28','42','40','35','22','16']

Q,R,S = zip(*findHighPeaks(A,3)) # small example
print(R) # ('28', '32', '42') peaks
print(Q) # ('21', '22', '17') Low on the left
print(S) # ('15', '20', '16') Low on the right

这里是选择过程的视觉表示，它基于相对变化（增加/减少）

                                  HI                                        
                                 '28'                                   
                              '27'  '27'      HI    HI                     HI   
                           '26'        '24'  '23'  '32'                   '42'
                       '25'               '15'  '22'  '30'     HI      '28'  '40'
                    '24'                   LO    LO     '28'  '27'  '22'        '35'  
                 '23'                                      '20'  '17'              '22' 
        '22'  '22'                                          LO    LO                  '16'
           '21'
            LO

peaks:                           28           23    32         27          42       
            ||         -^^   -|| ^^-||-^^   ||-^^-||   -^^     ||
left:       21                            15     22         20    17
right:                                    15     22         20    17                   16