我正在写一系列关于排序算法的文章,第一部分是关于气泡排序,我已经准备好了GUI元素,但是排序算法本身不能正常工作。它随机交换一系列不同长度的行,但排序没有按预期工作。它是用PythonTkinter编写的,我想主要的问题来自于我如何编程排序,比如两个列表,一个在屏幕上,一个在内存上。如果你也能向我解释一下我的错误,那会很有帮助的
import tkinter as tk
import random
def swap_two_pos(pos_0, pos_1):
"""This does the graphical swapping of the rectangles on the canvas
by moving one rectangle to the location of the other, and vice versa
"""
x_00, _, x_01, _ = canvas.coords(pos_0)
x_10, _, x_11, _ = canvas.coords(pos_1)
# moves each rectangle to the x position of the other; y remains unchanged
canvas.move(pos_0, x_10-x_00, 0)
canvas.move(pos_1, x_01-x_11, 0)
def sort_two(pos_0, pos_1):
x_00, y1, x_01, _ = canvas.coords(pos_0)
x_10, y2, x_11, _ = canvas.coords(pos_1)
# moves each rectangle to the x position of the other; y remains unchanged
if y2 > y1:
canvas.move(pos_0, x_10-x_00, 0)
canvas.move(pos_1, x_01-x_11, 0)
def rand_sort():
for i in range(50000):
rd1 = random.randint(0, 58)
rd2 = random.randint(0, 58)
pos_1 = barList[rd1]
pos_2 = barList[rd2]
sort_two(pos_1, pos_2)
barList[rd1], barList[rd2] = barList[rd2], barList[rd1]
def sort ():
n = len(barList)
# Traverse through all array elements
for i in range(n):
# Last i elements are already in place
for j in range(0, n-i-1):
sort_two(barList[j], barList[j+1])
barList[j], barList[j+1] = barList[j+1], barList[j]
else:
break
def random_swap():
"""Not a sort yet, but you have the bare bones operations
so the swap is executed
"""
for i in range(500):
rd1 = random.randint(0, 58)
rd2 = random.randint(0, 58)
pos_0 = barList[rd1]
pos_1 = barList[rd2]
swap_two_pos(pos_0, pos_1)
# it is necessary to swap the values in the list too
barList[rd1], barList[rd2] = barList[rd2], barList[rd1]
window = tk.Tk()
window.title('Sorting')
window.geometry('600x400')
# button to command the swap
tk.Button(window, text='swap', command=random_swap).pack()
tk.Button(window, text='sort', command=sort).pack()
xstart = 5
xend = 15
canvas = tk.Canvas(window, width='900', height='900')
canvas.pack()
barList = []
lengthList = []
Y = 5
for x in range(1,60):
bar = canvas.create_rectangle(xstart, Y, xend, 395, fill='red')
barList.append(bar)
xstart += 10
xend += 10
Y += 5
for bar in barList:
x = canvas.coords(bar)
length = x[3]-x[1]
lengthList.append(length)
window.mainloop()
最大的问题是在
sort_two
内有if
它仅在
y2 > y1
时替换元素但是在
sort_two()
之后,您使用barList
它总是替换列表中的元素
这样你们在屏幕上就有了错误的结果
您可以从
sort_two()
返回True/False
,以控制何时更改barList
上的元素及
这里是最后的代码
我使用简单的计算替换画布上的元素
我还删除了
在每次替换之后停止动画,它需要一次又一次地单击按钮
sort
,我使用因此,它在排序结束时(缓慢地)显示动画,我不必单击按钮
sort
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