首先,请原谅我的英语不好。我正在使用django导入导出将excel文件上载到与大学模型有外键关系的学生模型中
student.. models.py
:
class Student(models.Model):
institution = models.ForeignKey(University, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
id = models.CharField(max_length=200, primary_key=True)
first_name = models.CharField(max_length=200)
middle_name = models.CharField(max_length=200)
last_name = models.CharField(max_length=200)
age = models.IntegerField()
faculty = models.CharField( max_length=200, null=True, blank=True)
program = models.CharField( max_length=200, null=True, blank=True)
def __str__(self):
return self.first_name
university.. models.py
:
class University(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=300)
email = models.EmailField(max_length=255, unique=True)
phone_no1 = PhoneNumberField()
phone_no2 = PhoneNumberField(blank=True)
fax_no = PhoneNumberField()
website = models.URLField(max_length=200)
pob = models.IntegerField()
city = models.CharField(max_length=200, blank=True)
logo = models.ImageField(upload_to="logos/", blank=True, null=True)
def __str__(self):
return self.name
在阅读了django导入导出文档后,关于ForeignKeyWidget 我编辑了我的resources.py文件,如下所示,当我上传包含机构id和其他学生信息的excel文件时,它工作正常
resources.py
class StudentResource(resources.ModelResource):
institution = fields.Field(
column_name='institution',
attribute ='institution',
widget = ForeignKeyWidget(University, 'id')
)
class Meta:
model=Student
但我不想在上传时将机构id包含在我的excel文件中,因为我可以从注册人员中找到登录的机构id,因为注册人员斯塔夫模型与大学模型有外键关系
class RegistrarStaff(models.Model):
user = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete = models.CASCADE, primary_key = True)
university = models.ForeignKey(University, on_delete=models.CASCADE, null=True)
phone_number = models.CharField(max_length=20)
def __str__(self):
return str(self.user)
这是我能够找到机构id的方法,基于其大学注册人员的登录,并将值传递到资源中,如视图中的第4位。py
views.py
:
def upload(request):
if request.method == 'POST':
loged=request.user.id
univ = RegistrarStaff.objects.get(pk=loged).university_id
student_resource = StudentResource(institution=univ)
dataset = Dataset()
new_student = request.FILES['myfile']
if not new_student.name.endswith('xlsx'):
messages.info(request,'Wrong format')
return render(request, 'upload.html')
imported_data = dataset.load(new_student.read(), format='xlsx')
for data in imported_data:
value = Student(
data[0],
data[1],
data[2],
data[3],
data[4],
data[5],
)
value.save()
return render(request, 'upload.html')
我在参考资料.py中初始化了它,如下所示
resources.py
:
class StudentResource(resources.ModelResource):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
self._institution=kwargs.pop('institution', None)
super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
print(self._institution)
class Meta:
model=Student
那么,我是否可以设置机构id=self.\u institution的值,以便上传不包含机构id的excel文件
你说得对。实现这一点的方法是将机构实例(或id)传递到构造函数中,这是您已经拥有的。您只需在保存
institution
实例之前将其设置到学生模型实例上:但是,您通过直接调用
Student.save()
绕过了django-import-export
框架。不要这样做。使用框架为您处理实例创建(docs):相关问题 更多 >
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