使用热图颜色在图像上打印边界框批注

Question

我有像df一样的边界框注释数据

x           y          width       height
1028.119141,449.497467,667.6237793,62.45513916
737.3796997,352.5843506,297.2002563,49.53338623
730.9188232,399.9641113,148.6001587,58.14785767
671.157959,463.3088684,1020.751343,43.715271
1084.267212,517.9529419,72.13012695,34.972229
729.9176025,359.7701416,303.7685547,37.2722168
1026.231812,456.6779175,661.5819092,50.31750488
662.06073,457.2356262,1032.41156,99.91079712
668.9989624,411.4431152,191.4957275,43.01715088
677.0771484,567.5809937,464.8626709,337.1990356
659.2854614,353.1618652,373.277771,48.56771851
2626.677246,353.6801758,241.1516113,50.53591919
1026.98584,450.5015869,673.2525635,60.3218689
651.710144,349.5532837,405.8690796,57.69006348
230.9644012,29.21221352,277.5276031,70.96037865
724.7105103,359.6932983,328.6080322,26.96270752
689.3218994,427.1000671,957.1763916,165.146637
761.086853,268.6202087,287.673645,158.2123718
1022.51825,453.3616333,766.8713989,93.41070557
2149.582031,223.365921,0.854980469,2.565200806
735.6414185,363.6863098,286.78125,25.07974243
369.3438416,241.1960144,1196.013336,615.5481873
1357.483154,451.0677185,326.9484863,67.52200317
289.6882935,22.07415199,120.0834045,14.12745857
236.7103271,502.4077148,204.8481445,900.6254883
321.4750977,424.7066956,35.31863403,395.5688171
649.9384766,456.4934692,748.755249,169.52948
596.9605103,467.0890808,1193.770203,98.8921814
1010.315857,447.121582,666.9611206,68.6998291
679.3789673,514.437439,492.6141968,48.35473633
674.8457031,411.6835632,211.552124,43.82150269
679.3789673,460.0383301,1016.961121,46.84368896

对于这样的图像： 我使用下面的python代码将这些数据绘制在一个图像上

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.patches import Rectangle
from PIL import Image

# Display the image 
plt.imshow(Image.open('subject_49251684.png'))

# Display Bounding boxes
for row in df.itertuples():
    x = float(row.x)
    y = float(row.y)
    w = float(row.width)
    h = float(row.height)
    plt.gca().add_patch(Rectangle((x,y),w,h,linewidth=1,edgecolor='auto',facecolor='none'))

我得到了类似的输出

我希望将所有边界框绘制为热图，而不仅仅是红色边界框，其中重叠边界框的颜色要比非重叠边界框的颜色密集

任何帮助都将不胜感激

Answer 1

为了复制此示例，可以使用以下字符串s：

s = """1028.119141,449.497467,667.6237793,62.45513916
737.3796997,352.5843506,297.2002563,49.53338623
730.9188232,399.9641113,148.6001587,58.14785767
671.157959,463.3088684,1020.751343,43.715271
1084.267212,517.9529419,72.13012695,34.972229
729.9176025,359.7701416,303.7685547,37.2722168
1026.231812,456.6779175,661.5819092,50.31750488
662.06073,457.2356262,1032.41156,99.91079712
668.9989624,411.4431152,191.4957275,43.01715088
677.0771484,567.5809937,464.8626709,337.1990356
659.2854614,353.1618652,373.277771,48.56771851
2626.677246,353.6801758,241.1516113,50.53591919
1026.98584,450.5015869,673.2525635,60.3218689
651.710144,349.5532837,405.8690796,57.69006348
230.9644012,29.21221352,277.5276031,70.96037865
724.7105103,359.6932983,328.6080322,26.96270752
689.3218994,427.1000671,957.1763916,165.146637
761.086853,268.6202087,287.673645,158.2123718
1022.51825,453.3616333,766.8713989,93.41070557
2149.582031,223.365921,0.854980469,2.565200806
735.6414185,363.6863098,286.78125,25.07974243
369.3438416,241.1960144,1196.013336,615.5481873
1357.483154,451.0677185,326.9484863,67.52200317
289.6882935,22.07415199,120.0834045,14.12745857
236.7103271,502.4077148,204.8481445,900.6254883
321.4750977,424.7066956,35.31863403,395.5688171
649.9384766,456.4934692,748.755249,169.52948
596.9605103,467.0890808,1193.770203,98.8921814
1010.315857,447.121582,666.9611206,68.6998291
679.3789673,514.437439,492.6141968,48.35473633
674.8457031,411.6835632,211.552124,43.82150269
679.3789673,460.0383301,1016.961121,46.84368896"""

解决这个问题的一种方法是，我们可以从零的2d图像开始，然后使用填充矩形，在每个像素处添加一个计数器。然后，通过用np.nans替换所有0，我们可以从最终结果中删除它们

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from PIL import Image

img = Image.open('subject_49251684.png')
rectangles = np.zeros_like(img)[:, :, 0].astype('float32')

for row in s.splitlines():
    x, y, w, h = map(float, row.split(','))
    rectangles[int(y):int(y + h), int(x):int(x + w)] += 1

rectangles[rectangles == 0] = np.nan

# Plotting the main image
plt.imshow(img)

# Overlaying the rectangles on top of original image
# with transparency = 50%
plt.imshow(rectangles, alpha=0.5)

这是仅适用于某种热图样式的矩形：

这是原始图像顶部的输出矩形：