ffmpeg:加载共享库时出错：libvpx.so.6:无法打开共享对象文件：没有此类文件或目录

Question

我正在用Python rewrite构建一个多工具discord机器人

所以我决定把音乐也加入其中。当我完成了这个机器人，并在我的本地pc上试用时，它工作得非常好。然而，当我上传到Heroku时，ffmpeg出现了一些错误

起初我认为Heroku是基于Linux的，所以我下载了适用于Linux的ffmpeg。还是不行。然后我添加了一个apt构建包，并以这种方式下载了它。不过，它现在起作用了，但出现了一个不同的错误。它查找ffmpeg，但未播放歌曲，并在控制台中显示：

[ffmpeg: error while loading shared libraries: libvpx.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory]

我如何解决这个问题

以下是全部代码：

import discord
from discord.ext import commands

import asyncio
import itertools
import sys
import traceback
from async_timeout import timeout
from functools import partial
from youtube_dl import YoutubeDL
import ctypes
import ctypes.util

@commands.Cog.listener()
async def on_ready(self):

    print("ctypes - Find opus:")
    a = ctypes.util.find_library('opus')
    print(a)
    
    print("Discord - Load Opus:")
    b = discord.opus.load_opus(a)
    print(b)
    
    print("Discord - Is loaded:")
    c = discord.opus.is_loaded()
    print(c)



ytdlopts = {
    'format': 'bestaudio/best',
    'outtmpl': 'downloads/%(extractor)s-%(id)s-%(title)s.%(ext)s',
    'restrictfilenames': True,
    'noplaylist': True,
    'nocheckcertificate': True,
    'ignoreerrors': False,
    'logtostderr': False,
    'quiet': True,
    'no_warnings': True,
    'default_search': 'auto',
    'source_address': '0.0.0.0'
}

ffmpegopts = {
    'before_options': '-nostdin',
    'options': '-vn'
}

ytdl = YoutubeDL(ytdlopts)


class VoiceConnectionError(commands.CommandError):


class InvalidVoiceChannel(VoiceConnectionError):



class YTDLSource(discord.PCMVolumeTransformer):

    def __init__(self, source, *, data, requester):
        super().__init__(source)
        self.requester = requester

        self.title = data.get('title')
        self.web_url = data.get('webpage_url')


    def __getitem__(self, item: str):
        return self.__getattribute__(item)

    @classmethod
    async def create_source(cls, ctx, search: str, *, loop, download=False):
        loop = loop or asyncio.get_event_loop()

        to_run = partial(ytdl.extract_info, url=search, download=download)
        data = await loop.run_in_executor(None, to_run)

        if 'entries' in data:
            data = data['entries'][0]

        await ctx.send(f'```ini\n[Added {data["title"]} to the Queue.]\n```')

        if download:
            source = ytdl.prepare_filename(data)
        else:
            return {'webpage_url': data['webpage_url'], 'requester': ctx.author, 'title': data['title']}

        return cls(discord.FFmpegPCMAudio(source), data=data, requester=ctx.author)

    @classmethod
    async def regather_stream(cls, data, *, loop):
        """Used for preparing a stream, instead of downloading.
        Since Youtube Streaming links expire."""
        loop = loop or asyncio.get_event_loop()
        requester = data['requester']

        to_run = partial(ytdl.extract_info, url=data['webpage_url'], download=False)
        data = await loop.run_in_executor(None, to_run)

        return cls(discord.FFmpegPCMAudio(data['url']), data=data, requester=requester)


class MusicPlayer(commands.Cog):

    __slots__ = ('bot', '_guild', '_channel', '_cog', 'queue', 'next', 'current', 'np', 'volume')

    def __init__(self, ctx):
        self.bot = ctx.bot
        self._guild = ctx.guild
        self._channel = ctx.channel
        self._cog = ctx.cog

        self.queue = asyncio.Queue()
        self.next = asyncio.Event()

        self.np = None
        self.volume = .5
        self.current = None

        ctx.bot.loop.create_task(self.player_loop())

    async def player_loop(self):
        """Our main player loop."""
        await self.bot.wait_until_ready()

        while not self.bot.is_closed():
            self.next.clear()

            try:
                    source = await self.queue.get()
            except asyncio.TimeoutError:
                return self.destroy(self._guild)

            if not isinstance(source, YTDLSource):
                try:
                    source = await YTDLSource.regather_stream(source, loop=self.bot.loop)
                except Exception as e:
                    await self._channel.send(f'There was an error processing your song.\n'
                                             f'```css\n[{e}]\n```')
                    continue

            source.volume = self.volume
            self.current = source

            self._guild.voice_client.play(source, after=lambda _: self.bot.loop.call_soon_threadsafe(self.next.set))
            self.np = await self._channel.send(f'**Now Playing:** `{source.title}` requested by '
                                               f'`{source.requester}`')
            await self.next.wait()

            source.cleanup()
            self.current = None

            try:
                await self.np.delete()
            except discord.HTTPException:
                pass

    def destroy(self, guild):
        """Disconnect and cleanup the player."""
        return self.bot.loop.create_task(self._cog.cleanup(guild))


class Music(commands.Cog):
    """Music related commands."""

    __slots__ = ('bot', 'players')

    def __init__(self, bot):
        self.bot = bot
        self.players = {}

    async def cleanup(self, guild):
        try:
            await guild.voice_client.disconnect()
        except AttributeError:
            pass

        try:
            del self.players[guild.id]
        except KeyError:
            pass

    async def __local_check(self, ctx):
        """A local check which applies to all commands in this cog."""
        if not ctx.guild:
            raise commands.NoPrivateMessage
        return True

    async def __error(self, ctx, error):
        """A local error handler for all errors arising from commands in this cog."""
        if isinstance(error, commands.NoPrivateMessage):
            try:
                return await ctx.send('This command can not be used in Private Messages.')
            except discord.HTTPException:
                pass
        elif isinstance(error, InvalidVoiceChannel):
            await ctx.send('Error connecting to Voice Channel. '
                           'Please make sure you are in a valid channel or provide me with one')

        print('Ignoring exception in command {}:'.format(ctx.command), file=sys.stderr)
        traceback.print_exception(type(error), error, error.__traceback__, file=sys.stderr)

    def get_player(self, ctx):
        """Retrieve the guild player, or generate one."""
        try:
            player = self.players[ctx.guild.id]
        except KeyError:
            player = MusicPlayer(ctx)
            self.players[ctx.guild.id] = player

        return player

    @commands.command(name='connect', aliases=['join'])
    async def connect_(self, ctx):
        try:
            channel = ctx.author.voice.channel
        except AttributeError:
            raise InvalidVoiceChannel('No channel to join.')

        vc = ctx.voice_client

        if vc:
            if vc.channel.id == channel.id:
                return
            try:
                await vc.move_to(channel)
            except asyncio.TimeoutError:
                raise VoiceConnectionError(f'Moving to channel: <{channel}> timed out.')
        else:
            try:
                await channel.connect()
            except asyncio.TimeoutError:
                raise VoiceConnectionError(f'Connecting to channel: <{channel}> timed out.')

        await ctx.send(f'Connected to: **{channel}**', )

    @commands.command(name='play', aliases=['sing'])
    async def play_(self, ctx, *, search: str):
        await ctx.trigger_typing()

        vc = ctx.voice_client

        if not vc:
            await ctx.invoke(self.connect_)

        player = self.get_player(ctx)
        source = await YTDLSource.create_source(ctx, search, loop=self.bot.loop, download=False)

        await player.queue.put(source)

    @commands.command(name='pause')
    async def pause_(self, ctx):
        """Pause the currently playing song."""
        vc = ctx.voice_client

        if not vc or not vc.is_playing():
            return await ctx.send('I am not currently playing anything!')
        elif vc.is_paused():
            return

        vc.pause()
        await ctx.send(f'**`{ctx.author}`**: Paused the song!')

    @commands.command(name='resume')
    async def resume_(self, ctx):
        """Resume the currently paused song."""
        vc = ctx.voice_client

        if not vc or not vc.is_connected():
            return await ctx.send('I am not currently playing anything!', )
        elif not vc.is_paused():
            return

        vc.resume()
        await ctx.send(f'**`{ctx.author}`**: Resumed the song!')

    @commands.command(name='skip')
    async def skip_(self, ctx):
        """Skip the song."""
        vc = ctx.voice_client

        if not vc or not vc.is_connected():
            return await ctx.send('I am not currently playing anything!')

        if vc.is_paused():
            pass
        elif not vc.is_playing():
            return

        vc.stop()
        await ctx.send(f'**`{ctx.author}`**: Skipped the song!')

    @commands.command(name='queue', aliases=['q', 'playlist'])
    async def queue_info(self, ctx):
        """Retrieve a basic queue of upcoming songs."""
        vc = ctx.voice_client

        if not vc or not vc.is_connected():
            return await ctx.send('I am not currently connected to voice!')

        player = self.get_player(ctx)
        if player.queue.empty():
            return await ctx.send('There are currently no more queued songs.')

        upcoming = list(itertools.islice(player.queue._queue, 0, 5))

        fmt = '\n'.join(f'**`{_["title"]}`**' for _ in upcoming)
        embed = discord.Embed(title=f'Upcoming - Next {len(upcoming)}', description=fmt)

        await ctx.send(embed=embed)

    @commands.command(name='now_playing', aliases=['np', 'current', 'currentsong', 'playing'])
    async def now_playing_(self, ctx):
        """Display information about the currently playing song."""
        vc = ctx.voice_client

        if not vc or not vc.is_connected():
            return await ctx.send('I am not currently connected to voice!', )

        player = self.get_player(ctx)
        if not player.current:
            return await ctx.send('I am not currently playing anything!')

        try:
            await player.np.delete()
        except discord.HTTPException:
            pass

        player.np = await ctx.send(f'**Now Playing:** `{vc.source.title}` '
                                   f'requested by `{vc.source.requester}`')

    @commands.command(name='volume', aliases=['vol'])
    async def change_volume(self, ctx, *, vol: float):
        """Change the player volume.
        Parameters
        ------------
        volume: float or int [Required]
            The volume to set the player to in percentage. This must be between 1 and 100.
        """
        vc = ctx.voice_client

        if not vc or not vc.is_connected():
            return await ctx.send('I am not currently connected to voice!', )

        if not 0 < vol < 101:
            return await ctx.send('Please enter a value between 1 and 100.')

        player = self.get_player(ctx)

        if vc.source:
            vc.source.volume = vol / 100

        player.volume = vol / 100
        await ctx.send(f'**`{ctx.author}`**: Set the volume to **{vol}%**')

    @commands.command(name='stop', aliases=['leave'])
    async def stop_(self, ctx):
        vc = ctx.voice_client

        if not vc or not vc.is_connected():
            return await ctx.send('I am not currently playing anything!')

        await self.cleanup(ctx.guild)


def setup(client):
    client.add_cog(Music(client))