使用python从xml中删除空标记和父标记（如果为空）

Question

我是python新手，尝试使用lxml从XML中删除空标记。我想去掉所有的空元素，如果通过这样做，父元素也是空的，我也想删除它

实际XML

<magento_api>
  <data_item>
    <code>400</code>
    <message>Attribute weight is not applicable for product type Configurable Product</message>
  </data_item>
  <data_item>
    <code></code>
    <message>Resource data pre-validation error.</message>
  </data_item>
  <data_item>
    <code>1</code>
    <message></message>
  </data_item>
  <data_item>
    <code></code>
    <message></message>
  </data_item>
</magento_api>

修改的XML

<magento_api>
  <data_item>
    <code>400</code>
    <message>Attribute weight is not applicable for product type Configurable Product</message>
  </data_item>
  <data_item>
    <message>Resource data pre-validation error.</message>
  </data_item>
  <data_item>
    <code>1</code>
  </data_item>
</magento_api>

我用过下面这样的东西，但不起作用

from lxml import etree

def recursively_empty(xml_element):
   if xml_element.text:
       return False
   return all((recursively_empty(xe) for xe in xml_element.iterchildren()))


data = """
<magento_api>
<data_item>
 <code>400</code>
<message>Attribute weight is not applicable for product type Configurable Product</message>
</data_item>
<data_item>
<code>400</code>
<message></message>
</data_item>
<data_item>
<code></code>
<message>abc</message>
</data_item>
<data_item>
<code></code>
<message></message>
</data_item>
</magento_api>
"""

xml_root = etree.fromstring(data)

for action, xml_element in xml_root:
    parent = xml_element.getparent()
    if recursively_empty(xml_element):
        parent.remove(xml_element)

print (etree.tostring(xml_root))

Answer 1

可以做的一件事是对每个元素使用^{}xpath函数来获取字符串值。如果为空，请删除该元素

例如

Python（注意：我使用了您的“实际XML”示例；而不是Python中的XML。）

from lxml import etree

data = """
<magento_api>
  <data_item>
    <code>400</code>
    <message>Attribute weight is not applicable for product type Configurable Product</message>
  </data_item>
  <data_item>
    <code></code>
    <message>Resource data pre-validation error.</message>
  </data_item>
  <data_item>
    <code>1</code>
    <message></message>
  </data_item>
  <data_item>
    <code></code>
    <message></message>
  </data_item>
</magento_api>
"""

parser = etree.XMLParser(remove_blank_text=True)
xml_root = etree.fromstring(data, parser=parser)

for xml_element in xml_root.iter():
    content = xml_element.xpath('normalize-space()')
    if not content:
        xml_element.getparent().remove(xml_element)

print(etree.tostring(xml_root, pretty_print=True).decode())

输出

<magento_api>
  <data_item>
    <code>400</code>
    <message>Attribute weight is not applicable for product type Configurable Product</message>
  </data_item>
  <data_item>
    <message>Resource data pre-validation error.</message>
  </data_item>
  <data_item>
    <code>1</code>
  </data_item>
</magento_api>