在VBA中传入多个参数以运行Python脚本

Question

通过VBA，我想执行一个启动Python脚本的shell命令

Private Type STARTUPINFO
  cb As Long
  lpReserved As String
  lpDesktop As String
  lpTitle As String
  dwX As Long
  dwY As Long
  dwXSize As Long
  dwYSize As Long
  dwXCountChars As Long
  dwYCountChars As Long
  dwFillAttribute As Long
  dwFlags As Long
  wShowWindow As Integer
  cbReserved2 As Integer
  lpReserved2 As Long
  hStdInput As Long
  hStdOutput As Long
  hStdError As Long
End Type

Private Type PROCESS_INFORMATION
  hProcess As Long
  hThread As Long
  dwProcessID As Long
  dwThreadID As Long
End Type

Private Declare Function WaitForSingleObject Lib "kernel32" (ByVal _
  hHandle As Long, ByVal dwMilliseconds As Long) As Long

Private Declare Function CreateProcessA Lib "kernel32" (ByVal _
  lpApplicationName As Long, ByVal lpCommandLine As String, ByVal _
  lpProcessAttributes As Long, ByVal lpThreadAttributes As Long, _
  ByVal bInheritHandles As Long, ByVal dwCreationFlags As Long, _
  ByVal lpEnvironment As Long, ByVal lpCurrentDirectory As Long, _
  lpStartupInfo As STARTUPINFO, lpProcessInformation As _
  PROCESS_INFORMATION) As Long

Private Declare Function CloseHandle Lib "kernel32" (ByVal _
  hObject As Long) As Long

Private Const NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS = &H20&
Private Const INFINITE = -1&

Public Sub ExecScript(cmdline As String)
  Dim proc As PROCESS_INFORMATION
  Dim start As STARTUPINFO
  Dim ReturnValue As Integer

  'Initialize the STARTUPINFO structure:
  start.cb = Len(start)

  'Start the shelled application:
  ReturnValue = CreateProcessA(0&, cmdline$, 0&, 0&, 1&, NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS, 0&, 0&, start, proc)

  'Wait for the shelled application to finish:
  Do
    ReturnValue = WaitForSingleObject(proc.hProcess, 0)
    DoEvents
  Loop Until ReturnValue <> 258

  ReturnValue = CloseHandle(proc.hProcess)

End Sub 

Public Function DataFormatting(inputData As Variant) As String
  Dim dataRank As Integer

  DataFormatting = "["
  For dataRank = 0 To UBound(inputData)
    inputData(dataRank) = Replace(inputData(dataRank), " ", "")
    If dataRank = 0 Then
      DataFormatting = DataFormatting & "\`" & """" & inputData(dataRank) & "\`" & """"
    Else
      DataFormatting = DataFormatting & ",\`" & """" & inputData(dataRank) & "\`" & """"
    End If
  Next dataRank
  DataFormatting = DataFormatting & "]" & """"
End Function

Public Sub RunPython()
  Dim oCmd as String, scriptPath as String, scriptName as String, campaign as String, datas as String 

  scriptPath = ActiveWorkbook.Path & "\Scripts\"
  scriptName = "EngineExecution.py"
  campaign = "Nom de la campagne"
  planningPeriods = checkboxSelected
  datas = DataFormatting(planningPeriods)

  oCmd = "pythonw.exe " & scriptPath & scriptName & " " & """" & campaign & """" & " " & """" & datas
  Call ExecScript(oCmd)
End Sub

当我使用PowerShell执行此命令时，它可以工作，但不能与VBA一起工作

python .\EngineExecution.py "Nom de la campagne" "[\`"12/10/2020-18/10/2020\`",\`"05/10/2020-11/10/2020\`"]"

这是我的Python代码的开始。也许这就是错误的来源？

import sys
import json

campaign = sys.argv[1]
ppSelected = json.loads(sys.argv[2])

你能帮我使它与VBA一起正常工作吗

提前谢谢

Answer 1

从VBA调用外部命令非常简单，不需要大量创建进程。简单地说，使用数组调用^{}，甚至更清晰地构建命令行参数。假设正确指定了所有参数，下面将更新RunPython子计算器：

Public Sub RunPython()
    Dim args(0 To 3) As String
    Dim pyCmd As String
    Dim i As Integer

    args(0) = "python"
    args(1) = ActiveWorkbook.Path & "\Scripts\EngineExecution.py"
    args(2) = "Nom de la campagne"
    args(3) = DataFormatting(checkboxSelected)

    pyCmd = args(0)
    For i = 1 To UBound(args)
        pyCmd = pyCmd & " """ & args(i) & """"
    Next i        
    Debug.Print pyCmd                                ' CHECK COMMAND LINE CALL

    'RUN PYTHON SCRIPT WITH ARGS
    Shell pyCmd, vbNormalFocus
End Sub

Answer 2

谢谢大家的帮助。该错误实际上来自DataFormatting函数对变量“datas”的格式化。下面是有效的代码

Public Function DataFormatting(inputData As Variant) As String
  Dim dataRank As Integer

  DataFormatting = "["
  For dataRank = 0 To UBound(inputData)
    If dataRank = 0 Then
      DataFormatting = DataFormatting & """""" & inputData(dataRank) & """"""
    Else
      DataFormatting = DataFormatting & "," & """""" & inputData(dataRank) & """"""
    End If
  Next dataRank
  DataFormatting = DataFormatting & "]"
End Function