如何使用python将证书安装到受信任的根证书？

Question

我需要编写一个python代码，将证书安装到我的计算机（windows）或本地用户的受信任根证书中。我尝试了下面的代码。代码运行时没有错误，但看起来存储不是windows受信任的根。我还阅读了wincert和win32cryptpython模块的文档，似乎没有什么可以完成这项工作

import OpenSSL.crypto

cert = OpenSSL.crypto.load_certificate(
    OpenSSL.crypto.FILETYPE_PEM, 
    open('certFile.crt').read()
)

store = OpenSSL.crypto.X509Store()
if not store.add_cert(cert):
    print('Success')

编辑：我需要做一些类似于前面提到的here但使用python的事情

编辑2：我还尝试了以下方法（不确定它是否能完成预期的工作）：

import win32crypt
import sys

CERT_STORE_PROV_SYSTEM = 0x0000000A
CERT_STORE_OPEN_EXISTING_FLAG = 0x00004000
CRYPT_STRING_BASE64HEADER = 0x00000000

def main():

    store = win32crypt.CertOpenStore(CERT_STORE_PROV_SYSTEM, 0, None, CERT_SYSTEM_STORE_LOCAL_MACHINE|CERT_STORE_OPEN_EXISTING_FLAG, "ROOT")
    cert_str = open('D:\\Certificates\\certFile.crt').read()
    cert_byte = win32crypt.CryptStringToBinary(cert_str, CRYPT_STRING_BASE64HEADER)[0]
    win32crypt.CertAddSerializedElementToStore(store,cert_byte,1,2,0)

if __name__ == "__main__":

    main()
    print('done')

但我得到以下错误：

win32crypt.CertAddSerializedElementToStore(store,cert_byte,1,2,0)
pywintypes.error: (-2146885629, 'CertAddSerializedElementToStore', 'An error occurred while reading or writing to a file.')

Answer 1

这段代码对我有用。把它贴在这里，以防万一它对某人有帮助

#Flag variables
CERT_STORE_PROV_SYSTEM = 0x0000000A
CERT_STORE_OPEN_EXISTING_FLAG = 0x00004000
CRYPT_STRING_BASE64HEADER = 0x00000000
CERT_SYSTEM_STORE_CURRENT_USER_ACCOUNT = 1<<16
X509_ASN_ENCODING = 0x00000001
CERT_STORE_ADD_REPLACE_EXISTING = 3
CERT_CLOSE_STORE_FORCE_FLAG = 0x00000001

#replace with your certificate file path
crtPath = "D:\\certificates\\cert_file.crt"

with open(crtPath,'r') as f:
        cert_str = f.read()

cert_byte = win32crypt.CryptStringToBinary(cert_str, CRYPT_STRING_BASE64HEADER)[0]
store = win32crypt.CertOpenStore(CERT_STORE_PROV_SYSTEM, 0, None, CERT_SYSTEM_STORE_CURRENT_USER_ACCOUNT|CERT_STORE_OPEN_EXISTING_FLAG, "ROOT")
    
try:
   store.CertAddEncodedCertificateToStore(X509_ASN_ENCODING, cert_byte, CERT_STORE_ADD_REPLACE_EXISTING)
finally:
    store.CertCloseStore(CERT_CLOSE_STORE_FORCE_FLAG)

仅供参考，Win32 Crypt模块可与pywin32库一起使用。您可以通过运行此命令来安装它

pip install pywin32