使用urllib3 UnicodeDecodeError上载文件

Question

我正在尝试使用urllib3通过多部分表单POST请求上传文件。我从urllib docs开始学习这个例子：

>>> with open('example.txt') as fp:
...     file_data = fp.read()
>>> r = http.request(
...     'POST',
...     'http://httpbin.org/post',
...     fields={
...         'filefield': ('example.txt', file_data),
...     })
>>> json.loads(r.data.decode('utf-8'))['files']
{'filefield': '...'}

当我修改示例代码时，我添加了我要上传到的API所需的一些额外字段：

import urllib3

http = urllib3.PoolManager()

with open('/Volumes/GoogleDrive/My Drive/Code/Fuse-Qu/qu/uploads/risk.pdf') as fp:
    file_data = fp.read()

r = http.request(
    'POST',
    'https://***.fuseuniversal.com/api/v4.2/contents/media?auth_token=***',
    fields={
        "name": "test api upload 11",
        "description": "this is a test of uploading a pdf via the api",
        "composite_attributes[type]": "File",
        "community_ids": "24827",
        "composite_attributes[file]": ('risk.pdf', file_data, 'document/pdf'),
    })

但是，我最终得到了以下错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "test-urllib.py", line 6, in <module>
    file_data = fp.read()
  File "/Users/dunc/.pyenv/versions/3.8.1/lib/python3.8/codecs.py", line 322, in decode
    (result, consumed) = self._buffer_decode(data, self.errors, final)
UnicodeDecodeError: 'utf-8' codec can't decode byte 0xe2 in position 10: invalid continuation byte

Answer 1

您需要以二进制模式打开文件，因为它不是文本。如果您在不指定二进制的情况下打开文件，python3会自动尝试将内容解码为utf-8。以下是更新的失败行：

with open('/Volumes/GoogleDrive/My Drive/Code/Fuse-Qu/qu/uploads/risk.pdf', 'rb') as fp:
    file_data = fp.read()