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Python常见问题
我正在尝试在Windows10中使用pip安装Keras库。我已安装所有要求，python>=3.8，pip>=20.0.0、NumPy、pandas、matplotlib、virtualenv。但我得到了以下错误
(keras) C:\Users\namba>pip install keras
Collecting keras
Using cached Keras-2.4.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl (36 kB)
Collecting h5py
Using cached h5py-3.1.0.tar.gz (371 kB)
Installing build dependencies ... done
Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
Installing backend dependencies ... done
Preparing wheel metadata ... done
Requirement already satisfied: numpy>=1.9.1 in c:\users\namba\keras\lib\site-packages (from keras) (1.19.4)
Collecting pyyaml
Using cached PyYAML-5.3.1-cp38-cp38-win32.whl (199 kB)
Requirement already satisfied: scipy>=0.14 in c:\users\namba\keras\lib\site-packages (from keras) (1.5.4)
Building wheels for collected packages: h5py
Building wheel for h5py (PEP 517) ... error
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
command: 'c:\users\namba\keras\scripts\python.exe' 'c:\users\namba\keras\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pep517\_in_process.py' build_wheel 'C:\Users\namba\AppData\Local\Temp\tmp0_p1fdyc'
cwd: C:\Users\namba\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-k9e6wdb4\h5py
Complete output (70 lines):
running bdist_wheel
running build
running build_py
creating build
creating build\lib.win32-3.8
creating build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py
copying h5py\h5py_warnings.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py
copying h5py\ipy_completer.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py
copying h5py\version.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py
copying h5py\__init__.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py
creating build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\_hl
copying h5py\_hl\attrs.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\_hl
copying h5py\_hl\base.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\_hl
copying h5py\_hl\compat.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\_hl
copying h5py\_hl\dataset.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\_hl
copying h5py\_hl\datatype.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\_hl
copying h5py\_hl\dims.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\_hl
copying h5py\_hl\files.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\_hl
copying h5py\_hl\filters.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\_hl
copying h5py\_hl\group.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\_hl
copying h5py\_hl\selections.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\_hl
copying h5py\_hl\selections2.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\_hl
copying h5py\_hl\vds.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\_hl
copying h5py\_hl\__init__.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\_hl
creating build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\common.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\conftest.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_attribute_create.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_attrs.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_attrs_data.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_base.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_big_endian_file.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_completions.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_dataset.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_dataset_getitem.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_dataset_swmr.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_datatype.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_dimension_scales.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_dims_dimensionproxy.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_dtype.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_errors.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_file.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_file2.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_file_image.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_filters.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_group.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_h5.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_h5d_direct_chunk.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_h5f.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_h5p.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_h5pl.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_h5t.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_objects.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_selections.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_slicing.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\__init__.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
creating build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests\data_files
copying h5py\tests\data_files\__init__.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests\data_files
creating build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests\test_vds
copying h5py\tests\test_vds\test_highlevel_vds.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests\test_vds
copying h5py\tests\test_vds\test_lowlevel_vds.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests\test_vds
copying h5py\tests\test_vds\test_virtual_source.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests\test_vds
copying h5py\tests\test_vds\__init__.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests\test_vds
copying h5py\tests\data_files\vlen_string_dset.h5 -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests\data_files
copying h5py\tests\data_files\vlen_string_dset_utc.h5 -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests\data_files
copying h5py\tests\data_files\vlen_string_s390x.h5 -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests\data_files
running build_ext
Loading library to get version: hdf5.dll
error: Unable to load dependency HDF5, make sure HDF5 is installed properly
error: Could not find module 'hdf5.dll' (or one of its dependencies). Try using the full path with constructor syntax.
----------------------------------------
ERROR: Failed building wheel for h5py
Failed to build h5py
ERROR: Could not build wheels for h5py which use PEP 517 and cannot be installed directly
我认为这个错误是由于h5py&；的安装不当造成的；hdf5。我尝试使用pip install h5py安装它们，但随后遇到以下错误：
(keras) C:\Users\namba>pip install h5py
Collecting h5py
Using cached h5py-3.1.0.tar.gz (371 kB)
Installing build dependencies ... done
Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
Installing backend dependencies ... done
Preparing wheel metadata ... done
Requirement already satisfied: numpy>=1.17.5; python_version == "3.8" in c:\users\namba\keras\lib\site-packages (from h5py) (1.19.4)
Building wheels for collected packages: h5py
Building wheel for h5py (PEP 517) ... error
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
command: 'c:\users\namba\keras\scripts\python.exe' 'c:\users\namba\keras\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pep517\_in_process.py' build_wheel 'C:\Users\namba\AppData\Local\Temp\tmpid2mdza_'
cwd: C:\Users\namba\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-yppxk_bm\h5py
Complete output (70 lines):
running bdist_wheel
running build
running build_py
creating build
creating build\lib.win32-3.8
creating build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py
copying h5py\h5py_warnings.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py
copying h5py\ipy_completer.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py
copying h5py\version.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py
copying h5py\__init__.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py
creating build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\_hl
copying h5py\_hl\attrs.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\_hl
copying h5py\_hl\base.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\_hl
copying h5py\_hl\compat.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\_hl
copying h5py\_hl\dataset.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\_hl
copying h5py\_hl\datatype.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\_hl
copying h5py\_hl\dims.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\_hl
copying h5py\_hl\files.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\_hl
copying h5py\_hl\filters.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\_hl
copying h5py\_hl\group.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\_hl
copying h5py\_hl\selections.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\_hl
copying h5py\_hl\selections2.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\_hl
copying h5py\_hl\vds.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\_hl
copying h5py\_hl\__init__.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\_hl
creating build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\common.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\conftest.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_attribute_create.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_attrs.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_attrs_data.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_base.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_big_endian_file.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_completions.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_dataset.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_dataset_getitem.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_dataset_swmr.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_datatype.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_dimension_scales.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_dims_dimensionproxy.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_dtype.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_errors.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_file.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_file2.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_file_image.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_filters.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_group.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_h5.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_h5d_direct_chunk.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_h5f.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_h5p.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_h5pl.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_h5t.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_objects.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_selections.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\test_slicing.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
copying h5py\tests\__init__.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests
creating build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests\data_files
copying h5py\tests\data_files\__init__.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests\data_files
creating build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests\test_vds
copying h5py\tests\test_vds\test_highlevel_vds.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests\test_vds
copying h5py\tests\test_vds\test_lowlevel_vds.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests\test_vds
copying h5py\tests\test_vds\test_virtual_source.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests\test_vds
copying h5py\tests\test_vds\__init__.py -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests\test_vds
copying h5py\tests\data_files\vlen_string_dset.h5 -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests\data_files
copying h5py\tests\data_files\vlen_string_dset_utc.h5 -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests\data_files
copying h5py\tests\data_files\vlen_string_s390x.h5 -> build\lib.win32-3.8\h5py\tests\data_files
running build_ext
Loading library to get version: hdf5.dll
error: Unable to load dependency HDF5, make sure HDF5 is installed properly
error: Could not find module 'hdf5.dll' (or one of its dependencies). Try using the full path with constructor syntax.
----------------------------------------
ERROR: Failed building wheel for h5py
Failed to build h5py
ERROR: Could not build wheels for h5py which use PEP 517 and cannot be installed directly
请提出克服这些错误的解决方案
Tags： pytestbuildcreatingdatalibtestsfiles
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最好使用64位python3（<；3.9）来处理深度学习库（Keras、TensorFlow），因为32位上的测试尚未执行和发布。因此，请确保检查它是64位还是32位。感谢Tasnuva的帮助
有时，它是由于旧版本的
pip升级pip:
然后重试：
注意：确保python3.8是64位的
以下是我修复问题所遵循的过程。
首先，要检查您正在使用的版本：
Python v.v.v 32-bit）python -VV然后从here下载并安装64位版本的python（安装前不要忘记选中将python v.v添加到路径）
删除现有的虚拟环境（如果您已有虚拟环境），并使用下载的最新版本的Python创建一个新的venv
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