是否可以根据用户输入的主题ID从字典列表中返回正确的值？

Question

对于任何格式问题或不清楚的部分，我深表歉意，我对Python和一般编程都非常陌生。我想做一个脚本，拉一个研究参与者记录的列表（这里提供的代码是示例数据），这个列表包含单独的类似字典的条目，这些条目包含所有筛选问题（包括记录id或主题id）。我想根据脚本的用户输入的记录id从中提取特定的项目（自我伤害报告和自杀想法问题）

我希望脚本能够从不断增长的字典列表中提取，因此它必须索引到目前为止我已经尝试基于用户输入返回元组，但它返回相同的值 不管我为subu输入了什么，它都返回相同的三个值（'1'，'2'，'1'），即仅第一个字典的值

 from redcap import Project, RedcapError
 URL = 'https://redcap.lib.umd.edu/api/'
 #API KEY for sample data
 API_KEY = 'B2E685118B86FA89F57C49A1C9A38BDC'
 project = Project(URL, API_KEY)
 all_data = project.export_records()
 def find(subj, data):
  index = 0
  j = 0
   for i in data:
    for k,v in i.items():
        if k == 'record_id' and v == subj:
            index = j
            j+=1
        else:
            j+=1
    return data[index]['record_id'],data[index]['selfharm_18yr'],data[index]['talksaboutkillingself_18yr']

数据记录示例

 [{'record_id': '1', 'child_gender': '', 'c_age': '', 'c_dob': '', 't_date': '', 'school_yn': '', 'school_grade': '', 'father_job': '', 'mother_work': '', 'parentgender': '', 'relation_to_child': '', 'other': '', 'no_sports': '', 'sport_a': '', 'average_time_a': '', 'average_skill_a': '', 'sport_b_yes': '', 'sport_b': '', 'average_time_b': '', 'average_skill_b': '', 'sport_c_yes': '', 'sport_c': '', 'average_time_c': '', 'average_skill_c': '', 'hobby_a_yes': '', 'hobby_a': '', 'hobby_a_time': '', 'hobby_a_skill': '', 'hobby_b_yes': '', 'hobby_b': '', 'hobby_b_time': '', 'hobby_b_skill': '', 'hobby_c_yes': '', 'hobby_c': '', 'hobby_c_time': '', 'hobby_c_skill': '', 'clubs': '', 'club1': '', 'activeclub1': '', 'clubs_2': '', 'club2': '', 'activeclub2': '', 'clubs_3': '', 'club3': '', 'activeclub3': '', 'chore_a_yes': '', 'chore_a': '', 'chore_a_skill': '', 'chore_b_yes': '', 'chore_b': '', 'chore_b_skill': '', 'chore_c_yes': '', 'chore_c': '', 'chore_c_skill': '', 'close_friends': '', 'friends': '', 'get_along_siblings': '', 'along_withkids': '', 'behave': '', 'play_work': '', 'attend_school': '', 'school_reason': '', 'performance1': '', 'performance2': '', 'performance3': '', 'performance4': '', 'othersubjects': '', 'other_subjects': '', 'performanceother': '', 'other2': '', 'other_subjects_2': '', 'performanceother_2': '', 'other3': '', 'other_subjects_3': '', 'performanceother_3': '', 'specialeducation': '', 'sp_ed': '', 'repeat_grades': '', 'repeat2': '', 'academic_problems': '', 'describe_problems': '', 'problems_date': '', 'problems_yn': '', 'end_problems': '', 'disabilities': '', 'disability2': '', 'concerns': '', 'best_things': '', 'too_young': '', 'alcohol': '', 'describe_alc18yr': '', 'argues': '', 'fails_finishing_things': '', 'enjoyment': '', 'bm': '', 'bragging': '', 'concentration': '', 'obsessions': '', 'describe_obesessions': '', 'restlessness': '', 'dependence': '', 'lonely': '', 'confusion': '', 'crying': '', 'cruelty_animals': '', 'cruelty': '', 'daydreams': '', 'selfharm_18yr': '2', 'attention': '', 'destruction': '', 'destruction2': '', 'disobedience': '', 'school_disobedience': '', 'eating_well': '', 'getting_along': '', 'guilt_misbehaving': '', 'jealousy': '', 'rule_breaking': '', 'fearful': '', 'describe_fears': '', 'fears_school': '', 'fears_thoughts': '', 'perfection': '', 'loveless': '', 'others_outtoget': '', 'worthlessness': '', 'accident_prone': '', 'fights': '', 'teasing': '', 'trouble_makers': '', 'voices': '', 'describe_voices': '', 'impulsive_acts': '', 'solitary': '', 'lying_cheating': '', 'fingernails': '', 'tense': '', 'movements': '', 'describe_movements': '', 'nightmares': '', 'likeability': '', 'constipation': '', 'fear_anxiety': '', 'dizziness': '', 'guilt': '', 'overeating': '', 'overtired': '', 'overweight': '', 'aches_pains': '', 'headaches': '', 'nausea': '', 'eye_problems': '', 'describe_eyes': '', 'skin_problems': '', 'stomach_aches': '', 'vomiting': '', 'other_conditions': '', 'describe_other': '', 'physical_violence': '', 'picks_skin': '', 'describe_skin': '', 'public': '', 'public2': '', 'school_work': '', 'coordination': '', 'older_kids': '', 'younger_kids': '', 'talking_refusal': '', 'compulsions': '', 'describe_compulsions': '', 'runs_away': '', 'screams': '', 'secretive': '', 'seeing_things': '', 'describe_seeingthings': '', 'self_conscious': '', 'sets_fires': '', 'sexual_problems': '', 'describe_sexualproblems': '', 'clowning': '', 'shy_timid': '', 'sleeps_less': '', 'sleeps_more': '', 'describe_sleeping': '', 'inattentive': '', 'speech_problems': '', 'describe_speechproblems': '', 'stares_blankly': '', 'steals_home': '', 'steals_outside': '', 'stores': '', 'describe_hoarding': '', 'strange_behavior': '', 'describe_strangebehavior': '', 'strange_ideas': '', 'describe_ideas': '', 'stubborn_sullen': '', 'mood_changes': '', 'sulking': '', 'suspicious': '', 'swearing_obscenities': '', 'talksaboutkillingself_18yr': '1', 'sleeptalking_walking': '', 'describe_sleeptalking': '', 'talks_toomuch': '', 'frequent_teasing': '', 'temper_tantrums': '', 'thinks_sex': '', 'threatens_people': '', 'thumb_sucking': '', 'smoking': '', 'sleeping_troubles': '', 'describe_sleepingtroubles': '', 'truancy': '', 'low_energy': '', 'depression': '', 'loud': '', 'uses_drugs': '', 'describe_drugusage': '', 'vandalism': '', 'wets_self': '', 'wets_bed': '', 'whining': '', 'opposite_sex': '', 'withdrawn': '', 'frequent_worries': '', 'additional_problems': '', 'problem_a': '', 'prob_a_true': '', 'problem_b_yes': '', 'problem_b': '', 'prob_b_true': '', 'problem_c_yes': '', 'problem_c': '', 'prob_c_true': ''}, {'record_id': '2', 'child_gender': '', 'c_age': '', 'c_dob': '', 't_date': '', 'school_yn': '', 'school_grade': '', 'father_job': '', 'mother_work': '', 'parentgender': '', 'relation_to_child': '', 'other': '', 'no_sports': '', 'sport_a': '', 'average_time_a': '', 'average_skill_a': '', 'sport_b_yes': '', 'sport_b': '', 'average_time_b': '', 'average_skill_b': '', 'sport_c_yes': '', 'sport_c': '', 'average_time_c': '', 'average_skill_c': '', 'hobby_a_yes': '', 'hobby_a': '', 'hobby_a_time': '', 'hobby_a_skill': '', 'hobby_b_yes': '', 'hobby_b': '', 'hobby_b_time': '', 'hobby_b_skill': '', 'hobby_c_yes': '', 'hobby_c': '', 'hobby_c_time': '', 'hobby_c_skill': '', 'clubs': '', 'club1': '', 'activeclub1': '', 'clubs_2': '', 'club2': '', 'activeclub2': '', 'clubs_3': '', 'club3': '', 'activeclub3': '', 'chore_a_yes': '', 'chore_a': '', 'chore_a_skill': '', 'chore_b_yes': '', 'chore_b': '', 'chore_b_skill': '', 'chore_c_yes': '', 'chore_c': '', 'chore_c_skill': '', 'close_friends': '', 'friends': '', 'get_along_siblings': '', 'along_withkids': '', 'behave': '', 'play_work': '', 'attend_school': '', 'school_reason': '', 'performance1': '', 'performance2': '', 'performance3': '', 'performance4': '', 'othersubjects': '', 'other_subjects': '', 'performanceother': '', 'other2': '', 'other_subjects_2': '', 'performanceother_2': '', 'other3': '', 'other_subjects_3': '', 'performanceother_3': '', 'specialeducation': '', 'sp_ed': '', 'repeat_grades': '', 'repeat2': '', 'academic_problems': '', 'describe_problems': '', 'problems_date': '', 'problems_yn': '', 'end_problems': '', 'disabilities': '', 'disability2': '', 'concerns': '', 'best_things': '', 'too_young': '', 'alcohol': '', 'describe_alc18yr': '', 'argues': '', 'fails_finishing_things': '', 'enjoyment': '', 'bm': '', 'bragging': '', 'concentration': '', 'obsessions': '', 'describe_obesessions': '', 'restlessness': '', 'dependence': '', 'lonely': '', 'confusion': '', 'crying': '', 'cruelty_animals': '', 'cruelty': '', 'daydreams': '', 'selfharm_18yr': '3', 'attention': '', 'destruction': '', 'destruction2': '', 'disobedience': '', 'school_disobedience': '', 'eating_well': '', 'getting_along': '', 'guilt_misbehaving': '', 'jealousy': '', 'rule_breaking': '', 'fearful': '', 'describe_fears': '', 'fears_school': '', 'fears_thoughts': '', 'perfection': '', 'loveless': '', 'others_outtoget': '', 'worthlessness': '', 'accident_prone': '', 'fights': '', 'teasing': '', 'trouble_makers': '', 'voices': '', 'describe_voices': '', 'impulsive_acts': '', 'solitary': '', 'lying_cheating': '', 'fingernails': '', 'tense': '', 'movements': '', 'describe_movements': '', 'nightmares': '', 'likeability': '', 'constipation': '', 'fear_anxiety': '', 'dizziness': '', 'guilt': '', 'overeating': '', 'overtired': '', 'overweight': '', 'aches_pains': '', 'headaches': '', 'nausea': '', 'eye_problems': '', 'describe_eyes': '', 'skin_problems': '', 'stomach_aches': '', 'vomiting': '', 'other_conditions': '', 'describe_other': '', 'physical_violence': '', 'picks_skin': '', 'describe_skin': '', 'public': '', 'public2': '', 'school_work': '', 'coordination': '', 'older_kids': '', 'younger_kids': '', 'talking_refusal': '', 'compulsions': '', 'describe_compulsions': '', 'runs_away': '', 'screams': '', 'secretive': '', 'seeing_things': '', 'describe_seeingthings': '', 'self_conscious': '', 'sets_fires': '', 'sexual_problems': '', 'describe_sexualproblems': '', 'clowning': '', 'shy_timid': '', 'sleeps_less': '', 'sleeps_more': '', 'describe_sleeping': '', 'inattentive': '', 'speech_problems': '', 'describe_speechproblems': '', 'stares_blankly': '', 'steals_home': '', 'steals_outside': '', 'stores': '', 'describe_hoarding': '', 'strange_behavior': '', 'describe_strangebehavior': '', 'strange_ideas': '', 'describe_ideas': '', 'stubborn_sullen': '', 'mood_changes': '', 'sulking': '', 'suspicious': '', 'swearing_obscenities': '', 'talksaboutkillingself_18yr': '2', 'sleeptalking_walking': '', 'describe_sleeptalking': '', 'talks_toomuch': '', 'frequent_teasing': '', 'temper_tantrums': '', 'thinks_sex': '', 'threatens_people': '', 'thumb_sucking': '', 'smoking': '', 'sleeping_troubles': '', 'describe_sleepingtroubles': '', 'truancy': '', 'low_energy': '', 'depression': '', 'loud': '', 'uses_drugs': '', 'describe_drugusage': '', 'vandalism': '', 'wets_self': '', 'wets_bed': '', 'whining': '', 'opposite_sex': '', 'withdrawn': '', 'frequent_worries': '', 'additional_problems': '', 'problem_a': '', 'prob_a_true': '', 'problem_b_yes': '', 'problem_b': '', 'prob_b_true': '', 'problem_c_yes': '', 'problem_c': '', 'prob_c_true': ''}]

我希望它输出三个键中的一个truple，这取决于相应字典的记录id是什么，但是不管主题id是什么，它都输出相同的东西

输出示例

 find('1', all_data)
 ('1', '2', '1')

 find('2', all_data)
 ('1', '2', '1')

在未来，我也希望能够发送到一个Excel电子表格

Answer 1

所以在这种情况下，你要做大量不必要的迭代。python字典的美妙之处在于，它们被哈希化并针对查找操作进行了优化

您所需要做的不是遍历键和值，而是提供键作为索引，并在记录存在时提前返回(注意，为了清晰起见，为了确保像find()这样的东西不会影响其他类的内置方法，我更改了一些名称

def find_item(subj, data):
    for subdict in data:
        if subdict['record_id']== subj:
            return subdict['record_id'],subdict['selfharm_18yr'],subdict['talksaboutkillingself_18yr']
    return "No Records Found"

find_item('1',data)
('1', '2', '1')

find_item('2',data)
('2', '3', '2')

find_item('zyzzyx',data)
"No records found"

关于你的职能，我认为问题在于：

if k == 'record_id' and v == subj:
    index = j
    j+=1
else:
    j+=1

在提供的2条记录的列表中，这意味着您在更新j之前设置了index==0，因此即使在i[1]找到了该记录，您仍然返回来自i[0]的值