Django.core.exceptions.ImproperyConfigured:禁止创建没有“fields”属性或“exclude”属性的ModelForm

Question

    (ll_env) brads-MacBook-Pro:learning_log $ python manage.py runserver
    Performing system checks...

    Unhandled exception in thread started by <function check_errors.<locals>.wrapper at 0x10d417d08>
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "/learning_log/ll_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/utils/autoreload.py", line 225, in wrapper
        fn(*args, **kwargs)
      File "/learning_log/ll_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/runserver.py", line 117, in inner_run
        self.check(display_num_errors=True)
      File "/learning_log/ll_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 379, in check
        include_deployment_checks=include_deployment_checks,
      File "/learning_log/ll_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 366, in _run_checks
        return checks.run_checks(**kwargs)
      File "/learning_log/ll_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/checks/registry.py", line 71, in run_checks
        new_errors = check(app_configs=app_configs)
      File "/learning_log/ll_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/checks/urls.py", line 13, in check_url_config
        return check_resolver(resolver)
      File "/learning_log/ll_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/checks/urls.py", line 23, in check_resolver
        return check_method()
      File "/learning_log/ll_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/urls/resolvers.py", line 396, in check
        for pattern in self.url_patterns:
      File "/learning_log/ll_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 37, in __get__
        res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance)
      File "/learning_log/ll_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/urls/resolvers.py", line 533, in url_patterns
        patterns = getattr(self.urlconf_module, "urlpatterns", self.urlconf_module)
      File "/learning_log/ll_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 37, in __get__
        res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance)
      File "/learning_log/ll_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/urls/resolvers.py", line 526, in urlconf_module
        return import_module(self.urlconf_name)
      File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
        return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
      File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 978, in _gcd_import
      File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 961, in _find_and_load
      File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 950, in _find_and_load_unlocked
      File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 655, in _load_unlocked
      File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 678, in exec_module
      File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 205, in _call_with_frames_removed
      File "/learning_log/learning_log/urls.py", line 23, in <module>
        url(r'',include('learning_logs.urls',namespace='learning_logs')),
      File "/learning_log/ll_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/urls/conf.py", line 34, in include
        urlconf_module = import_module(urlconf_module)
      File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
        return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
      File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 978, in _gcd_import
      File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 961, in _find_and_load
      File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 950, in _find_and_load_unlocked
      File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 655, in _load_unlocked
      File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 678, in exec_module
      File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 205, in _call_with_frames_removed
      File "/learning_log/learning_logs/urls.py", line 2, in <module>
        from . import views
      File "/learning_log/learning_logs/views.py", line 6, in <module>
        from .forms import TopicForm
      File "/learning_log/learning_logs/forms.py", line 4, in <module>
        class TopicForm(forms.ModelForm):
      File "/learning_log/ll_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/forms/models.py", line 243, in __new__
        "needs updating." % name
    django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Creating a ModelForm without either the 'fields' attribute or the 'exclude' attribute is prohibited; form TopicForm needs updating.





**some part of the code:
manage.py**



    #!/usr/bin/env python
    import os
    import sys

    if __name__ == '__main__':
        os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'learning_log.settings')
        try:
            from django.core.management import execute_from_command_line
        except ImportError as exc:
            raise ImportError(
                "Couldn't import Django. Are you sure it's installed and "
                "available on your PYTHONPATH environment variable? Did you "
                "forget to activate a virtual environment?"
            ) from exc
        execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)

视图.py

^{pr2}$

因此，我一直在使用《Python Crash Course:A handling，Project-Based Introduction to Programming一书学习Python。当我'runserver'时，它只显示了上面的错误。我不知道怎么了，因为我完全按照书上说的做了。有人能帮我吗？在

当我尝试以上步骤时发生了什么。在

有什么想法吗？在

Answer 1

使用模型创建表单时，需要指定要包含在表单中的字段。在

例如，您有一个带有命名文章的模型，并且您希望为该模型文章创建一个表单。在

发布日期、标题、内容、记者这些是模型中的字段。 如果您选择包括您这样做的所有字段。在

class ArticleForm(ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = Article
        fields = '__all__'

如果要指定要包含的字段

^{pr2}$

如果要排除某些字段并使用其余字段，请按如下方式使用

class ArticleForm(ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = Article
        exclude = ['headline']

对于您的错误，它说您可以使用ModelForm而不使用使用使用字段或排除的两个选项之一。在