在python脚本中运行系统命令

Question

我通过“一个字节的Python”来学习语法和方法等。。。

我刚刚从一个简单的备份脚本开始（直接从书中获得）：

#!/usr/bin/python

# Filename: backup_ver1.py

import os

import time

# 1. The files and directories to be backed up are specified in a list.
source = ['"C:\\My Documents"', 'C:\\Code']

# Notice we had to use double quotes inside the string for names with spaces in it.
# 2. The backup must be stored in a main backup directory
target_dir = 'E:\\Backup' # Remember to change this to what you will be using

# 3. The files are backed up into a zip file.
# 4. The name of the zip archive is the current date and time
target = target_dir + os.sep + time.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S') + '.zip'


# 5. We use the zip command to put the files in a zip archive
zip_command = "zip -qr {0} {1}".format(target, ' '.join(source))


# Run the backup

if os.system(zip_command) == 0:
    print('Successful backup to', target)
else:
    print('Backup FAILED')

对，失败了。如果我在终端中运行zip命令，它可以正常工作。我认为它失败是因为zip_command从来没有真正运行过。我也不知道怎么操作。

简单地键入zip_command是行不通的。（我正在使用Python3.1）