在python中查找具有特定extension的文件的子路径

Question

我正在尝试在一个文件夹（和子文件夹）中找到我的所有extensionmp4文件，并将它们复制到另一个目录中。我设法找到所有扩展名为mp4的文件，但我没有设法保留这些文件的目录。我的代码如下：

import os
from shutil import copyfile

path = "videos/"
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):
    for name in files:
       if name.endswith((".mp4", ".mp4")):
          print(name)
          # copyfile(src, dst)

我想找到名字的路径（对应于我的视频）。我怎么能这么做？你知道吗

Answer 1

使用os.path.join()

import os
from shutil import copyfile

path = "videos/"
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):
    for name in files:
       if name.endswith((".mp4", ".mp4")):
          print(os.path.join(root, name))
          # copyfile(src, dst)

虽然认为使用绝对路径更好，但是如果需要相对路径，可以使用os.path.relpath。从os.path.relpath文档

os.path.relpath(path[, start])

Return a relative filepath to path either from the current directory or from an optional start directory. This is a path computation: the filesystem is not accessed to confirm the existence or nature of path or start.

start defaults to os.curdir.

Availability: Windows, Unix.

New in version 2.6.

Answer 2

为什么不直接使用glob：

import glob, shutil
for file in glob.iglob('/foo/*.mp4'): 
    shutil.copy2(file, '/bar/{0}'.format(file))

Answer 3

从上的文档os.步行地址：

dirpath is a string, the path to the directory. dirnames is a list of the names of the subdirectories in dirpath (excluding '.' and '..'). filenames is a list of the names of the non-directory files in dirpath. Note that the names in the lists contain no path components. To get a full path (which begins with top) to a file or directory in dirpath, do os.path.join(dirpath, name).

所以你的代码应该是这样的：

import os
from shutil import copyfile

path = "videos/"
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):
    for name in files:
       if name.endswith((".mp4", ".mp4")):
          print(name)
          src = os.path.join(root, name)
          copyfile(src, dst)