如何在Python中只要求MadLib中的故事所需的变量

Question

我很抱歉，如果这已经回答了其他地方。我是100%的初学者。我正在代码学院工作，其中一个项目是Madlib。后来我把它转到visualstudio，自己从头开始做了一些工作。我的想法是创建一个大规模的基线MadLib，这样我所要做的就是用适当的必要变量写出这个故事。当我运行这个程序时，它工作，但它要求每一个输入。我怎样才能让程序只要求特定的变量，我需要的故事？提前谢谢，这是密码。你知道吗

""" Newscast MadLib by Salem
"""

print ("Here comes a MadLib yall!!!")

noun1 = input("Enter a Noun: " )
noun2 = input("Enter a Noun: " )
noun3 = input("Enter a Noun: " )
noun4 = input("Enter a Noun: " )
noun5 = input("Enter a Noun: " )
adj1 = input("Enter an Adjective: ")
adj2 = input("Enter an Adjective: ")
adj3 = input("Enter an Adjective: ")
adj4 = input("Enter an Adjective: ") 
adj5 = input("Enter an Adjective: ")
verb1 = input("Enter a Verb: ")
verb2 = input("Enter a Verb: ")
verb3 = input("Enter a Verb: ")
verb4 = input("Enter a Verb: ")
verb5 = input("Enter a Verb: ")
adv1 = input("Enter a Adverb: ")
adv2 = input("Enter a Adverb: ")
adv3 = input("Enter a Adverb: ")
adv4 = input("Enter a Adverb: ")
adv5 = input("Enter a Adverb: ")
verbing1 = input("Enter a Verb ending in ing: ")
verbing2 = input("Enter a verb ending in ing: ")
verbing3 = input("Enter a verb ending in ing: ")
verbs1 = input("Enter a verb ending in S: ")
verbs2 = input("Enter a verb ending in S: ")
verbs3 = input("Enter a verb ending in S: ")
pnoun1 = input("Enter a Proper Noun: ")
pnoun2 = input("Enter a Proper Noun: ")
pnoun3 = input("Enter a Proper Noun: ")
pnoun4 = input("Enter a Proper Noun: ")
pnoun5 = input("Enter a Proper Noun: ")
plnoun1 = input("Enter a Plural Noun: ")
plnoun2 = input("Enter a Plural Noun: ") 
plnoun3 = input("Enter a Plural Noun: ")
plnoun4 = input("Enter a Plural Noun: ")
plnoun5 = input("Enter a Plural Noun: ")
body1 = input("Enter a Body Part: ")
body2 = input("Enter a Body Part: ")
body3 = input("Enter a Body Part: ")
body4 = input("Enter a Body Part: ")
body5 = input("Enter a Body Part: ")
bodypl1 = input("Enter a part of the body Plural: ")
bodypl2 = input("Enter a part of the body Plural: ")
bodypl3 = input("Enter a part of the body Plural: ")
emotion1 = input("Enter an Emotion: ")
emotion2 = input("Enter an Emotion: ")
emotion3 = input("Enter an Emotion: ")
historicm1 = input("Enter a Historic Monument: ")
historicm2 = input("Enter a Historic Monument: ")
mansname1 = input("Enter a Mans Name: ")
mansname2 = input("Enter a Mans Name: ")
womname1 = input("Enter a Womans Name: ")
womname2 = input("Enter a Womans Name: ")
occup1 = input("Enter an Occupation: ")
occup2 = input("Enter an Occupation: ")
occup3 = input("Enter an Occupation: ")
shape1 = input("Enter a Shape: ")
shape2 = input("Enter a Shape: ")
shape3 = input("Enter a Shape: ")
rest1 = input("Enter a Restaurant Name: ")
rest2 = input("Enter a Restaurant Name: ")
rest4 = input("Enter a Restaurant Name: ")
liquid1 = input("Enter a type of Liquid: ")
liquid2 = input("Enter a type of Liquid: ")
personir1 = input("Enter the name of someone in the room: ")
personir2 = input("Enter the name of someone in the room: ")
personir4 = input("Enter the name of someone in the room: ")
food1 = input("Enter a type of Food: ")
food2 = input("Enter a type of Food: ")
food3 = input("Enter a type of Food: ")
fperson1 = input("Enter the name of a famous person: ")
fperson2 = input("Enter the name of a famous person: ")
fperson3 = input("Enter the name of a famous person: ")
sword1 = input("Enter a Silly Word: ")
sword2 = input("Enter a Silly Word: ")
sword3 = input("Enter a Silly Word: ")
num1 = input("Enter a Number: ")
num2 = input("Enter a Number: ")
num3 = input("Enter a Number: ")
num4 = input("Enter a Number: ")
num5 = input("Enter a Number: ")
place1 = input("Enter a Place: ")
place2 = input("Enter a Place: ")
place3 = input("Enter a Place: ")
place4 = input("Enter a Place: ")
place5 = input("Enter a Place: ")


story = ("Putting on a newscast might look easy, but it takes a lot of %s work. Go behind the scenes, and you will see dozens of %s workers %s in every direction! Reporters run back and forth between the studio and locations all around %s to cover %s stories and interview %s . They are joined by videographers who operate handheld %s to capture all the action. The anchors are the people who %s behind the news desk and read the stories during the newsccast. They have to look %s on air, so they can often be found getting makeup applied to their %s . The director tells everyone where and when to %s . Its easy to spot a director because he wears a headset on his %s and yells things like CAMERA TWO and %s ! A newscast is live television so if you make aor an %s mistake, everyone watching at home on their %s will know!")

    story = story % (adj1, adj2, verbing1, place1, adj3, plnoun1, plnoun2, verb1, adj4, bodypl1, verb2, 
    body1, sword1, adj5, plnoun3)

    print (story)

我正在努力与这个笑，我感谢所有的帮助。这是修订版

    """ Newscast MadLib by Salem
"""

print ("Here comes a MadLib yall!!!")


noun1 = input("Enter a Noun: " )
noun2 = input("Enter a Noun: " )
noun3 = input("Enter a Noun: " )
noun4 = input("Enter a Noun: " )
noun5 = input("Enter a Noun: " )
adj1 = input("Enter an Adjective: ")
adj2 = input("Enter an Adjective: ")
adj3 = input("Enter an Adjective: ")
adj4 = input("Enter an Adjective: ") 
adj5 = input("Enter an Adjective: ")
verb1 = input("Enter a Verb: ")
verb2 = input("Enter a Verb: ")
verb3 = input("Enter a Verb: ")
verb4 = input("Enter a Verb: ")
verb5 = input("Enter a Verb: ")
adv1 = input("Enter a Adverb: ")
adv2 = input("Enter a Adverb: ")
adv3 = input("Enter a Adverb: ")
adv4 = input("Enter a Adverb: ")
adv5 = input("Enter a Adverb: ")
verbing1 = input("Enter a Verb ending in ing: ")
verbing2 = input("Enter a verb ending in ing: ")
verbing3 = input("Enter a verb ending in ing: ")
verbs1 = input("Enter a verb ending in S: ")
verbs2 = input("Enter a verb ending in S: ")
verbs3 = input("Enter a verb ending in S: ")
pnoun1 = input("Enter a Proper Noun: ")
pnoun2 = input("Enter a Proper Noun: ")
pnoun3 = input("Enter a Proper Noun: ")
pnoun4 = input("Enter a Proper Noun: ")
pnoun5 = input("Enter a Proper Noun: ")
plnoun1 = input("Enter a Plural Noun: ")
plnoun2 = input("Enter a Plural Noun: ") 
plnoun3 = input("Enter a Plural Noun: ")
plnoun4 = input("Enter a Plural Noun: ")
plnoun5 = input("Enter a Plural Noun: ")
body1 = input("Enter a Body Part: ")
body2 = input("Enter a Body Part: ")
body3 = input("Enter a Body Part: ")
body4 = input("Enter a Body Part: ")
body5 = input("Enter a Body Part: ")
bodypl1 = input("Enter a part of the body Plural: ")
bodypl2 = input("Enter a part of the body Plural: ")
bodypl3 = input("Enter a part of the body Plural: ")
emotion1 = input("Enter an Emotion: ")
emotion2 = input("Enter an Emotion: ")
emotion3 = input("Enter an Emotion: ")
historicm1 = input("Enter a Historic Monument: ")
historicm2 = input("Enter a Historic Monument: ")
mansname1 = input("Enter a Mans Name: ")
mansname2 = input("Enter a Mans Name: ")
womname1 = input("Enter a Womans Name: ")
womname2 = input("Enter a Womans Name: ")
occup1 = input("Enter an Occupation: ")
occup2 = input("Enter an Occupation: ")
occup3 = input("Enter an Occupation: ")
shape1 = input("Enter a Shape: ")
shape2 = input("Enter a Shape: ")
shape3 = input("Enter a Shape: ")
rest1 = input("Enter a Restaurant Name: ")
rest2 = input("Enter a Restaurant Name: ")
rest4 = input("Enter a Restaurant Name: ")
liquid1 = input("Enter a type of Liquid: ")
liquid2 = input("Enter a type of Liquid: ")
personir1 = input("Enter the name of someone in the room: ")
personir2 = input("Enter the name of someone in the room: ")
personir4 = input("Enter the name of someone in the room: ")
food1 = input("Enter a type of Food: ")
food2 = input("Enter a type of Food: ")
food3 = input("Enter a type of Food: ")
fperson1 = input("Enter the name of a famous person: ")
fperson2 = input("Enter the name of a famous person: ")
fperson3 = input("Enter the name of a famous person: ")
sword1 = input("Enter a Silly Word: ")
sword2 = input("Enter a Silly Word: ")
sword3 = input("Enter a Silly Word: ")
num1 = input("Enter a Number: ")
num2 = input("Enter a Number: ")
num3 = input("Enter a Number: ")
num4 = input("Enter a Number: ")
num5 = input("Enter a Number: ")
place1 = input("Enter a Place: ")
place2 = input("Enter a Place: ")
place3 = input("Enter a Place: ")
place4 = input("Enter a Place: ")
place5 = input("Enter a Place: ")


def entera(adj1, adj2, verbing1, place1, adj3, plnoun1, plnoun2, verb1, adj4, bodypl1, verb2, body1, sword1, adj5, plnoun3):
    input("Enter a {}: ".format(adj1))
    input("Enter a {}: ".format(adj2))
    input("Enter a {}: ".format(verbing1))
    input("Enter a {}: ".format(place1))
    input("Enter a {}: ".format(adj3))
    input("Enter a {}: ".format(plnoun1))
    input("Enter a {}: ".format(plnoun2))
    input("Enter a {}: ".format(verb1))
    input("Enter a {}: ".format(adj4))
    input("Enter a {}: ".format(bodypl1))
    input("Enter a {}: ".format(verb2))
    input("Enter a {}: ".format(body1))
    input("Enter a {}: ".format(sword1))
    input("Enter a {}: ".format(adj5))
    input("Enter a {}: ".format(plnoun3))
    return (adj1, adj2, verbing1, place1, adj3, plnoun1, plnoun2, verb1, adj4, bodypl1, verb2, body1, sword1, adj5, plnoun3)



story = ("Putting on a newscast might look easy, but it takes a lot of {} work. Go behind the scenes, and you will see dozens of {} workers {} in every direction! Reporters run back and forth between the studio and locations all around {} to cover {} stories and interview {} . They are joined by videographers who operate handheld {} to capture all the action. The anchors are the people who {} behind the news desk and read the stories during the newsccast. They have to look {} on air, so they can often be found getting makeup applied to their {} . The director tells everyone where and when to {} . Its easy to spot a director because he wears a headset on his {} and yells things like CAMERA TWO and {} ! A newscast is live television so if you make aor an {} mistake, everyone watching at home on their {} will know!")

story = story.format(entera("adj1", "adj2", "verbing1", "place1", "adj3", "plnoun1", "plnoun2", "verb1", "adj4", "bodypl1", "verb2", "body1", "sword1", "adj5", "plnoun3"))

print (story)

这就是它抛出的错误

Exception has occurred: IndexError
Replacement index 1 out of range for positional args tuple
  File "C:\Users\hgsal\Documents\python\ML Newscast", line 117, in <module>
    story = story.format(entera("adj1", "adj2", "verbing1", "place1", "adj3", "plnoun1", "plnoun2", "verb1", "adj4", "bodypl1", "verb2", "body1", "sword1", "adj5", "plnoun3"))

Answer 1

为了只要求故事所需的变量，我们需要某种方式来说明 故事使用的每个变量的名称，以及填写该变量值时要问的问题。一种方法是将变量和要询问的问题编码为故事字符串的一部分，并使用它来驱动用户提问。有一种方法可以做到这一点：

"""
MadLibs
the madlib story will have fixed text and fill-in-the-blank text that we     
will encoded as placeholders in the form:  {variable_name:question_to_ask}

we use a regular expression of scan the story for all the placeholders and 
- prompt the user for input with the question_to_ask string
- store their response in a dict with the key being the variable_name
  and the value being the user response for that variable

the resulting dictionary will have all the information we need to fill in the blanks

next we modify the original story with another regular expression to remove the
:question_to_ask portion of each placeholder.  

that leaves the story string in the perfect form to call story.format(**values)

the **values notation passes the values dict as a set of keyword arguments 
that .format() uses to fill in the placeholders with the user responses


"""


import re    # bring in regular expression module

story = """
Hi my name is {name1:Name of person in room} and I live in {location:A Location}
where I like to eat {food1:Type Of Food} and watch {tvshow1:A Television Show}
when I am feeling {emotion1:An Emotion}"""

placeholder_pattern = re.compile(r"(?s)\{(.+?):(.+?)\}")
question_pattern = re.compile(r"(?s):[^}]+?}")

values = {}    # start with empty dictionary

placeholders = placeholder_pattern.findall(story)  # find all placeholders
for variable, question in placeholders:            # iterate over each placeholder
    value = input(question + "? ")
    values[variable] = value                       # add variable:value to dict

print("\nThe values dictionary is:", value, "\n")  # debug
story = question_pattern.sub("}", story)           # remove the question from each placeholder
print(story.format(**values))                      # use .format() to fill in placeholders

运行程序：

runfile('C:/demo1.py', wdir='C:')

Name of person in room? Fred

A Location? the library

Type Of Food? hotdogs

A Television Show? Mad Men

An Emotion? sad

The values dictionary is: {'name1': 'Fred', 'location': 'the library', 'food1': 'hotdogs', 'tvshow1': 'Mad Men', 'emotion1': 'sad'} 


Hi my name is Fred and I live in the library
where I like to eat hotdogs and watch Mad Men
when I am feeling sad