调度python脚本时出错：fcron[12036]：无法执行“/usr/bin/sendmail”：没有这样的文件或目录

Question

我有一个python脚本，我想安排与fcrontab。此脚本根据其中一列中设置的状态字段发送电子邮件。当我调用以下命令时，脚本将按预期方式执行：

python2 mail.py

这将产生以下预期输出：

Successfully sent email... 
Update sent status on EdPost...  xxxxxx
Update sent status on EdPost...  xxxxxx
Update sent status on EdPost...  xxxxxx
Update sent status on EdPost...  xxxxxx
Update sent status on EdPost...  xxxxxx
Update sent status on EdPost...  xxxxxx
Update sent status on EdPost...  xxxxxx
Update sent status on EdPost...  xxxxxx

但是，当我尝试将此脚本作为cron作业运行时，最终会出现上述错误。你知道吗

克朗：

0 15 * * * /home/x/JobParse/mail.py >> /home/x/JobParse/mailer.log

错误：

fcron[23191]: Couldn't exec '/usr/bin/sendmail': No such file or directory

我还有另一个类似的python脚本，它可以与#!/usr/bin/env python2shebang一起运行。不过，该脚本不使用smtplib库。你知道吗

我尝试安排的脚本如下：

你知道吗邮件.py你知道吗

#!/usr/bin/python2
import smtplib
from db import get_records,update_sent_status
import traceback
import datetime
configs = [line.rstrip('\n') for line in open('configs')]
usr = configs[0]
pwd = configs[1]
rcvr = configs[2]
receivers = [rcvr]
date = datetime.datetime.now().date()
posts = []
edpost_tbl_rows= ""
appli_tbl_rows= ""

ed_posts = get_records(0) # * non-appli and  unsent
ed_posts_ids = [row[0] for row in ed_posts]
ed_posts_sent = get_records(1) # post_id

uniq_appli = get_records(2) # unique unsent appli
uniq_appli_ids = [row[0] for row in uniq_appli]

all_appli_sent = [row[0] for row in get_records(4)] # all app_id sent
all_appli_unsent = [row[0] for row in get_records(5)] # all app_id unsent


# No jobs to send so exit
if len(all_appli_unsent) == 0 and len(ed_posts) == 0:
    print "Exit: No new unique posts.."
    exit()

# Transform db data into html table row format
for row in ed_posts:
    edpost_tbl_rows += \
            "<tr style=\"border:1px solid black\"><td style=\"border:1px solid black\">"\
            +str(row[0])\
            +"</td><td style=\"border:1px solid black\"><a href="\
            +'"'\
            +row[1]\
            +'"'\
            +">"\
            +row[4]\
            +"</a></td><td style=\"border:1px solid black\">"\
            +row[5]\
            +"</td><td style=\"border:1px solid black\">"\
            +row[6]\
            +"</td></tr>"

# Transform applitrack posts into html table
for row in uniq_appli:
    # check if sent before - app_id not unique on edpost
    if row[3] not in all_appli_sent:
        print "New unique & unsent applitrack post... ",row[3]
        appli_tbl_rows += \
            "<tr style=\"border:1px solid black\"><td style=\"border:1px solid black\">"\
            +str(row[0])\
            +"</td><td style=\"border:1px solid black\"><a href="\
            +'"'\
            +row[2]\
            +'"'\
            +">"\
            +str(row[3])\
            +"</a></td><td style=\"border:1px solid black\"><a href="\
            +'"'\
            +row[1]\
            +'"'\
            +">"\
            +row[4]\
            +"</a></td><td style=\"border:1px solid black\">"\
            +row[5]\
            +"</td><td style=\"border:1px solid black\">"\
            +row[6]\
            +"</td></tr>"
    else:
        print "Skipping applitrack post... ",row[3]


message = """From: JobUpdates <{usr}>
To: xxxx <{rcvr}>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Subject: New Job Postings: {date}

<p>Check out these postings you may have not have seen yet :)</p>
<p>Searched: words

<h2>Jobs With Applitrack</h2>
<table style="width:100%;border:1px solid black">
    <tr style="border:1px solid black">
        <th style="border:1px solid black">EdPost ID</th>
        <th style="border:1px solid black">AppliTrack ID</th>
        <th style="border:1px solid black">Description</th>
        <th style="border:1px solid black">Post DT</th>
        <th style="border:1px solid black">Exp DT</th>
    </tr>
    {appli_tbl_rows}
</table>
</br>
</br>
<h2>Jobs Without Applitrack</h2>
<table style="width:100%;border:1px solid black">
    <tr style="border:1px solid black">
        <th style="border:1px solid black">EdPost ID</th>
        <th style="border:1px solid black">Description</th>
        <th style="border:1px solid black">Post DT</th>
        <th style="border:1px solid black">Exp DT</th>
    </tr>
    {edpost_tbl_rows}
</table>
""".format(usr=usr,rcvr=rcvr,date=date,edpost_tbl_rows=edpost_tbl_rows,appli_tbl_rows=appli_tbl_rows)

try:
    smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP('localhost',1025)
    smtpObj.login(usr,pwd)
    smtpObj.sendmail(usr, rcvr, message)
    print "Successfully sent email... "
    for post_id in ed_posts_ids:
        print "Update sent status on EdPost... ",post_id
        update_sent_status(post_id)

    for app_id in all_appli_unsent:
        print "Update sent status on Appli... ",app_id
        update_sent_status(app_id,1)

except smtplib.SMTPException:
    print "ERROR: unable to send email... "
    print traceback.format_exc()

我也用#!/usr/bin/env python2shebang试过了，但没用。你知道吗

Answer 1

我没有安装sendmail就解决了这个问题。这是通过将Python路径移动到脚本的开头来完成的，如下所示：

import os
abspath = os.path.abspath(__file__)
dname = os.path.dirname(abspath)
os.chdir(dname)

见皮托的答案here。你知道吗

我猜从crontab本身更新cron环境的path变量也是一个可行的解决方案。你知道吗