安装pyQt4时找不到sip.h

Question

我试图在我的ubuntu 13.04linux虚拟机上安装PyQt-x11-gpl-4.11，configure-ng.py运行良好，但是当使用make时，它会在下面提示错误消息，**

root@ubuntu:/home/yanwang/Downloads/PyQt-x11-gpl-4.11# make
cd QtCore/ && make -f Makefile 
make[1]: Entering directory `/home/yanwang/Downloads/PyQt-x11-gpl-4.11/QtCore'
g++ -c -m64 -pipe -O2 -Wall -W -D_REENTRANT -fPIC -DSIP_PROTECTED_IS_PUBLIC -Dprotected=public -DQT_NO_DEBUG -DQT_PLUGIN -DQT_CORE_LIB -DQT_SHARED -I/usr/share/qt4/mkspecs/linux-g++-64 -I. -I/usr/include/qt4/QtCore -I/usr/include/qt4 -I. -I/usr/local/include/python2.7 -I../qpy/QtCore -I. -o sipQtCoreQTimer.o sipQtCoreQTimer.cpp
In file included from sipQtCoreQTimer.cpp:29:0:
sipAPIQtCore.h:33:17: fatal error: sip.h: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.
make[1]: *** [sipQtCoreQTimer.o] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/yanwang/Downloads/PyQt-x11-gpl-4.11/QtCore'
make: *** [sub-QtCore-make_default-ordered] Error 2
root@ubuntu:/home/yanwang/Downloads/PyQt-x11-gpl-4.11# 

SIP文件安装在以下目录下：

/home/iriswang/Downloads/sip-4.16.1

当PyQt文件位于目录下时：

/home/iriswang/Downloads/PyQt-x11-gpl-4.11

我已设置环境变量，使其包含sip目录：

PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/home/iriswang/Downloads/sip-4.16.1:/home/iriswang/Qt5.3.1/5.3/gcc_64/bin

但是，看起来仍然找不到sip.h文件。知道我能做什么吗？顺便说一句，我已经安装了python-dev包，所以不应该是因为这个。我检查了sip是否安装成功，看起来也没问题：**

root@ubuntu:/home/iriswang/Downloads# sip -h
Usage:

    sip [-h] [-V] [-a file] [-b file] [-B tag] [-c dir] [-d file] [-e] [-g] [-I dir] [-j #] [-k] [-m file] [-o] [-p module] [-P] [-r] [-s suffix] [-t tag] [-T] [-w] [-x feature] [-X id:file] [-z file] [file]
where:
    -h          display this help message
    -V          display the sip version number
    -a file     the name of the QScintilla API file [default not generated]
    -b file     the name of the build file [default none generated]
    -B tag      add tag to the list of timeline backstops
    -c dir      the name of the code directory [default not generated]
    -d file     the name of the documentation file (deprecated) [default not generated]
    -e          enable support for exceptions [default disabled]
    -g          always release and reacquire the GIL [default only when specified]
    -I dir      look in this directory when including files
    -j #        split the generated code into # files [defaul
...

非常感谢！**

Answer 1

在为Ubuntu安装PyQt时，这似乎是一个常见的问题。我的研究显示了两种可能的解决方法。

（1）您需要更新Makefiles中的Python头，以确保链接到/usr/include/python2.7，而不是/usr/local/include/python2.7.。有关简单的修复方法，请参阅此链接：

Fatal error while compiling PyQt5: Python.h does not exist

（2）可以安装PyQt4.10而不是PyQt4.11。其他在线用户报告PyQt4.11将无法正确安装。有关详细信息，请参阅此处的此链接：

http://iqbalnaved.wordpress.com/2014/05/31/installing-pyqt4-for-python-2-7-6-in-virtual-environement-in-ubuntu-14-04/

我建议您使用最新版本的PyQt。一定要做一些额外的研究，因为我相信你的问题不是唯一的。