如何使这个代码成为modu

Question

这是Python代码code

import os
import base64
from io import BytesIO
from flask import Flask, render_template, redirect, url_for, flash, session, \
    abort
from werkzeug.security import generate_password_hash, check_password_hash
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
from flask_login import LoginManager, UserMixin, login_user, logout_user, \
    current_user
from flask_bootstrap import Bootstrap
from flask_wtf import FlaskForm
from wtforms import StringField, PasswordField, SubmitField
from wtforms.validators import Required, Length, EqualTo
import onetimepass
import pyqrcode

# create application instance
app = Flask(__name__)
app.config.from_object('config')

# initialize extensions
bootstrap = Bootstrap(app)
db = SQLAlchemy(app)
lm = LoginManager(app)


class User(UserMixin, db.Model):
    """User model."""
    __tablename__ = 'users'
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    username = db.Column(db.String(64), index=True)
    password_hash = db.Column(db.String(128))
    otp_secret = db.Column(db.String(16))

    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
        super(User, self).__init__(**kwargs)
        if self.otp_secret is None:
            # generate a random secret
            self.otp_secret = base64.b32encode(os.urandom(10)).decode('utf-8')

    @property
    def password(self):
        raise AttributeError('password is not a readable attribute')

    @password.setter
    def password(self, password):
        self.password_hash = generate_password_hash(password)

    def verify_password(self, password):
        return check_password_hash(self.password_hash, password)

    def get_totp_uri(self):
        return 'otpauth://totp/2FA-Demo:{0}?secret={1}&issuer=2FA-Demo' \
            .format(self.username, self.otp_secret)

    def verify_totp(self, token):
        return onetimepass.valid_totp(token, self.otp_secret)


@lm.user_loader
def load_user(user_id):
    """User loader callback for Flask-Login."""
    return User.query.get(int(user_id))


class RegisterForm(FlaskForm):
    """Registration form."""
    username = StringField('Username', validators=[Required(), Length(1, 64)])
    password = PasswordField('Password', validators=[Required()])
    password_again = PasswordField('Password again',
                                   validators=[Required(), EqualTo('password')])
    submit = SubmitField('Register')


class LoginForm(FlaskForm):
    """Login form."""
    username = StringField('Username', validators=[Required(), Length(1, 64)])
    password = PasswordField('Password', validators=[Required()])
    token = StringField('Token', validators=[Required(), Length(6, 6)])
    submit = SubmitField('Login')


@app.route('/')
def index():
    return render_template('index.html')


@app.route('/register', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def register():
    """User registration route."""
    if current_user.is_authenticated:
        # if user is logged in we get out of here
        return redirect(url_for('index'))
    form = RegisterForm()
    if form.validate_on_submit():
        user = User.query.filter_by(username=form.username.data).first()
        if user is not None:
            flash('Username already exists.')
            return redirect(url_for('register'))
        # add new user to the database
        user = User(username=form.username.data, password=form.password.data)
        db.session.add(user)
        db.session.commit()

        # redirect to the two-factor auth page, passing username in session
        session['username'] = user.username
        return redirect(url_for('two_factor_setup'))
    return render_template('register.html', form=form)


@app.route('/twofactor')
def two_factor_setup():
    if 'username' not in session:
        return redirect(url_for('index'))
    user = User.query.filter_by(username=session['username']).first()
    if user is None:
        return redirect(url_for('index'))
    # since this page contains the sensitive qrcode, make sure the browser
    # does not cache it
    return render_template('two-factor-setup.html'), 200, {
        'Cache-Control': 'no-cache, no-store, must-revalidate',
        'Pragma': 'no-cache',
        'Expires': '0'}


@app.route('/qrcode')
def qrcode():
    if 'username' not in session:
        abort(404)
    user = User.query.filter_by(username=session['username']).first()
    if user is None:
        abort(404)

    # for added security, remove username from session
    del session['username']

    # render qrcode for FreeTOTP
    url = pyqrcode.create(user.get_totp_uri())
    stream = BytesIO()
    url.svg(stream, scale=3)
    return stream.getvalue(), 200, {
        'Content-Type': 'image/svg+xml',
        'Cache-Control': 'no-cache, no-store, must-revalidate',
        'Pragma': 'no-cache',
        'Expires': '0'}


@app.route('/login', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def login():
    """User login route."""
    if current_user.is_authenticated:
        # if user is logged in we get out of here
        return redirect(url_for('index'))
    form = LoginForm()
    if form.validate_on_submit():
        user = User.query.filter_by(username=form.username.data).first()
        if user is None or not user.verify_password(form.password.data) or \
                not user.verify_totp(form.token.data):
            flash('Invalid username, password or token.')
            return redirect(url_for('login'))

        # log user in
        login_user(user)
        flash('You are now logged in!')
        return redirect(url_for('index'))
    return render_template('login.html', form=form)


@app.route('/logout')
def logout():
    """User logout route."""
    logout_user()
    return redirect(url_for('index'))


# create database tables if they don't exist yet
db.create_all()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(host='0.0.0.0', debug=True)

我试着把它拆分成一个模块，但这是不起作用的。你知道吗

我在点名授权我试了试视图.py为了添加登录和注册的路由，我遵循这个example但是没有成功

如果我必须从中国进口所有的进口产品，你能确切地解释一下如何拆分吗授权至视图.py？你知道吗

Answer 1

根据docs，模块是包含Python定义和语句的文件。文件名是附加后缀.py的模块名。你知道吗

只需使用import moduleNameHere即可导入模块。你知道吗

你的问题可能是你想创建一个包，而不是一个模块。同样，根据docs，包是一种通过使用“虚线模块名”来构造Python模块名称空间的方法。例如，模块名A.B在名为A的包中指定了名为B的子模块。正如使用模块可以使不同模块的作者不必担心彼此的全局变量名一样，使用虚线模块名可以使多模块包（如NumPy或Python Imaging Library）的作者不必担心彼此的全局变量名担心对方的模块名。你知道吗

创建包的最简单方法是在要打包的脚本所在的目录中创建一个名为__init__.py的文件。你知道吗

您可以查看this answer了解更多详细信息。但基本上，如果您想要一个名为hellostackoverflow的包，您应该有如下目录结构：

.
└── hellostackoverflow/
    ├── __init__.py
    └── hellostackoverflow.py

祝你好运！你知道吗