生产模式下，使用production.ini托管的pyramid应用出现服务器错误

Question

我有一个金字塔项目，在使用development.ini的时候运行得很好，但一旦我切换到production.ini，就在浏览器里出现了这个错误：

Internal Server Error
The server encountered an unexpected internal server error
(generated by waitress)

而在终端里则显示了这个日志：

Starting subprocess with file monitor
Starting server in PID 5912.
serving on http://0.0.0.0:6543
2014-05-26 16:54:23,139 ERROR [waitress][Dummy-2] Exception when serving /
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/roman/Critical_ID/CCG_Map/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/waitress-0.8.9-py2.7.egg/waitress/channel.py", line 337, in service
    task.service()
  File "/home/roman/Critical_ID/CCG_Map/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/waitress-0.8.9-py2.7.egg/waitress/task.py", line 173, in service
    self.execute()
  File "/home/roman/Critical_ID/CCG_Map/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/waitress-0.8.9-py2.7.egg/waitress/task.py", line 392, in execute
    app_iter = self.channel.server.application(env, start_response)
  File "/home/roman/Critical_ID/CCG_Map/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pyramid/router.py", line 242, in __call__
    response = self.invoke_subrequest(request, use_tweens=True)
  File "/home/roman/Critical_ID/CCG_Map/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pyramid/router.py", line 217, in invoke_subrequest
    response = handle_request(request)
  File "/home/roman/Critical_ID/CCG_Map/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pyramid/tweens.py", line 21, in excview_tween
    response = handler(request)
  File "/home/roman/Critical_ID/CCG_Map/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pyramid_tm-0.7-py2.7.egg/pyramid_tm/__init__.py", line 82, in tm_tween
    reraise(*exc_info)
  File "/home/roman/Critical_ID/CCG_Map/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pyramid_tm-0.7-py2.7.egg/pyramid_tm/__init__.py", line 63, in tm_tween
    response = handler(request)
  File "/home/roman/Critical_ID/CCG_Map/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pyramid/router.py", line 163, in handle_request
    response = view_callable(context, request)
  File "/home/roman/Critical_ID/CCG_Map/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pyramid/config/views.py", line 377, in rendered_view
    context)
  File "/home/roman/Critical_ID/CCG_Map/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pyramid/renderers.py", line 418, in render_view
    return self.render_to_response(response, system, request=request)
  File "/home/roman/Critical_ID/CCG_Map/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pyramid/renderers.py", line 441, in render_to_response
    result = self.render(value, system_values, request=request)
  File "/home/roman/Critical_ID/CCG_Map/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pyramid/renderers.py", line 421, in render
    renderer = self.renderer
  File "/home/roman/Critical_ID/CCG_Map/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pyramid/decorator.py", line 37, in __get__
    val = self.wrapped(inst)
  File "/home/roman/Critical_ID/CCG_Map/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pyramid/renderers.py", line 404, in renderer
    'No such renderer factory %s' % str(self.type))
ValueError: No such renderer factory .mak

我把sqlalchemy.url和mako.directories这两个设置从.ini文件中的[app:main]部分复制过来了，但我还是看不出是什么导致了这个错误。

我用以下命令启动服务器：../bin/pserve/production.ini --reload

我漏掉了什么吗？

Answer 1

这是因为最新版本的Pyramid默认不需要安装Mako的模板引擎。要解决这个错误，按照文档中的说明在这里，你需要做两件事：

1. 确保安装了pyramid_mako这个包。你可以通过把“pyramid_mako”添加到你包的setup.py文件中的install_requires部分来做到这一点，然后重新运行setup.py develop：

   setup(
       #...
       install_requires=[
           'pyramid_mako',         # new dependency
           'pyramid',
           #...
       ],
   )
   

2. 在你的应用程序中创建Pyramid Configurator的地方（通常是在你项目的__init__.py文件中的main()函数），告诉Pyramid包含pyramid_mako的内容：

   config = Configurator(.....)
   config.include('pyramid_mako')