类型错误:'NoneType'对象不可迭代
我正在用Python制作一个猜字游戏。在这个游戏中,有一个Python文件里有一个函数,它会从一个数组中随机选择一个字符串,并把它存储在一个变量里。然后,这个变量会被传递给另一个文件中的一个函数。这个函数会把用户的猜测存储为一个字符串在一个变量中,然后检查这个猜测是否在所选的单词里。然而,每当我输入一个字母并按下回车键时,就会出现我问题标题中的错误。顺便说一下,我使用的是Python 2.7。以下是接收单词的函数代码:
import random
easyWords = ["car", "dog", "apple", "door", "drum"]
mediumWords = ["airplane", "monkey", "bananana", "window", "guitar"]
hardWords = ["motorcycle", "chuckwalla", "strawberry", "insulation", "didgeridoo"]
wordCount = []
#is called if the player chooses an easy game.
#The words in the array it chooses are the shortest.
#the following three functions are the ones that
#choose the word randomly from their respective arrays.
def pickEasy():
word = random.choice(easyWords)
word = str(word)
for i in range(1, len(word) + 1):
wordCount.append("_")
#is called when the player chooses a medium game.
def pickMedium():
word = random.choice(mediumWords)
for i in range(1, len(word) + 1):
wordCount.append("_")
#is called when the player chooses a hard game.
def pickHard():
word = random.choice(hardWords)
for i in range(1, len(word) + 1):
wordCount.append("_")
接下来是接收用户猜测并判断它是否在游戏选定的单词中的代码(不用关注wordCount变量。另外,“words”是上面代码所在文件的名字):
from words import *
from art import *
def gamePlay(difficulty):
if difficulty == 1:
word = pickEasy()
print start
print wordCount
getInput(word)
elif difficulty == 2:
word = pickMedium()
print start
print wordCount
elif difficulty == 3:
word = pickHard()
print start
print wordCount
def getInput(wordInput):
wrong = 0
guess = raw_input("Type a letter to see if it is in the word: \n").lower()
if guess in wordInput:
print "letter is in word"
else:
print "letter is not in word"
到目前为止,我尝试过用str()把游戏中的“guess”变量转换成字符串,尝试过用.lower()把它变成小写,还在words文件中做过类似的操作。以下是我运行时得到的完整错误信息:
File "main.py", line 42, in <module>
main()
File "main.py", line 32, in main
diff()
File "main.py", line 17, in diff
gamePlay(difficulty)
File "/Users/Nathan/Desktop/Hangman/gameplay.py", line 9, in gamePlay
getInput(word)
File "/Users/Nathan/Desktop/Hangman/gameplay.py", line 25, in getInput
if guess in wordInput:
你看到的“main.py”是我写的另一个Python文件。如果你想看其他文件,请告诉我。不过,我觉得我展示的这些是唯一重要的。谢谢你的时间!如果我遗漏了什么重要细节,请告诉我。
2 个回答
这个Python错误提示说 wordInput
不是一个可迭代的对象——它的类型是NoneType。
如果你在出错的那一行之前打印一下 wordInput
,你会发现它的值是 None
。
因为 wordInput
是 None
,这就意味着传给函数的参数也是 None
。在这个例子中,就是 word
。你把 pickEasy
的结果赋值给了 word
。
问题在于你的 pickEasy
函数没有返回任何东西。在Python中,如果一个方法没有返回任何值,它的默认返回值就是NoneType。
我想你是想返回一个 word
,所以你可以这样做:
def pickEasy():
word = random.choice(easyWords)
word = str(word)
for i in range(1, len(word) + 1):
wordCount.append("_")
return word
如果一个函数没有返回任何东西,比如:
def test():
pass
那么它的隐含返回值就是 None
。
所以,你的 pick*
方法没有返回任何东西,比如:
def pickEasy():
word = random.choice(easyWords)
word = str(word)
for i in range(1, len(word) + 1):
wordCount.append("_")
调用它们的那几行代码,比如:
word = pickEasy()
会让 word
的值变成 None
,因此在 getInput
中的 wordInput
也是 None
。这就意味着:
if guess in wordInput:
等同于:
if guess in None:
而 None
是 NoneType
的一个实例,它不支持迭代功能,所以你会遇到类型错误。
解决办法是添加返回值类型:
def pickEasy():
word = random.choice(easyWords)
word = str(word)
for i in range(1, len(word) + 1):
wordCount.append("_")
return word