使用BeautifulSoup提取无标签文本

Question

我的网页看起来是这样的：

<p>
  <strong class="offender">YOB:</strong> 1987<br/>
  <strong class="offender">RACE:</strong> WHITE<br/>
  <strong class="offender">GENDER:</strong> FEMALE<br/>
  <strong class="offender">HEIGHT:</strong> 5'05''<br/>
  <strong class="offender">WEIGHT:</strong> 118<br/>
  <strong class="offender">EYE COLOR:</strong> GREEN<br/>
  <strong class="offender">HAIR COLOR:</strong> BROWN<br/>
</p>

我想提取每个人的信息，比如想要得到 YOB:1987、RACE:WHITE 这些内容...

我尝试过的方法是：

subc = soup.find_all('p')
subc1 = subc[1]
subc2 = subc1.find_all('strong')

但是这样做只让我得到了 YOB:、RACE: 等的值...

有没有办法让我得到 YOB:1987、RACE:WHITE 这样的格式呢？

Answer 1

我觉得你可以用 .strip() 这个方法来解决这个问题，方法来自于 gazpacho：

输入：

html = """\
<p>
  <strong class="offender">YOB:</strong> 1987<br />
  <strong class="offender">RACE:</strong> WHITE<br />
  <strong class="offender">GENDER:</strong> FEMALE<br />
  <strong class="offender">HEIGHT:</strong> 5'05''<br />
  <strong class="offender">WEIGHT:</strong> 118<br />
  <strong class="offender">EYE COLOR:</strong> GREEN<br />
  <strong class="offender">HAIR COLOR:</strong> BROWN<br />
</p>
"""

代码：

soup = Soup(html)
text = soup.find("p").strip(whitespace=False) # to keep \n characters intact
lines = [
    line.strip()
    for line in text.split("\n")
    if line != ""
]
data = dict([line.split(": ") for line in lines])

输出：

print(data)
# {'YOB': '1987',
#  'RACE': 'WHITE',
#  'GENDER': 'FEMALE',
#  'HEIGHT': "5'05''",
#  'WEIGHT': '118',
#  'EYE COLOR': 'GREEN',
#  'HAIR COLOR': 'BROWN'}

Answer 2

你可以在这个 findall 的循环里面试试这个：

item_price = item.find('span', attrs={'class':'s-item__price'}).text

它只提取文本，并把它赋值给 "item_pice"

Answer 3

我觉得你可以通过 subc1.text 来获取它。

>>> html = """
<p>
    <strong class="offender">YOB:</strong> 1987<br />
    <strong class="offender">RACE:</strong> WHITE<br />
    <strong class="offender">GENDER:</strong> FEMALE<br />
    <strong class="offender">HEIGHT:</strong> 5'05''<br />
    <strong class="offender">WEIGHT:</strong> 118<br />
    <strong class="offender">EYE COLOR:</strong> GREEN<br />
    <strong class="offender">HAIR COLOR:</strong> BROWN<br />
</p>
"""
>>> from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
>>> soup = BeautifulSoup(html)
>>> print soup.text


YOB: 1987
RACE: WHITE
GENDER: FEMALE
HEIGHT: 5'05''
WEIGHT: 118
EYE COLOR: GREEN
HAIR COLOR: BROWN

或者如果你想要更深入地了解，可以使用 .contents：

>>> p = soup.find('p')
>>> from pprint import pprint
>>> pprint(p.contents)
[u'\n',
 <strong class="offender">YOB:</strong>,
 u' 1987',
 <br/>,
 u'\n',
 <strong class="offender">RACE:</strong>,
 u' WHITE',
 <br/>,
 u'\n',
 <strong class="offender">GENDER:</strong>,
 u' FEMALE',
 <br/>,
 u'\n',
 <strong class="offender">HEIGHT:</strong>,
 u" 5'05''",
 <br/>,
 u'\n',
 <strong class="offender">WEIGHT:</strong>,
 u' 118',
 <br/>,
 u'\n',
 <strong class="offender">EYE COLOR:</strong>,
 u' GREEN',
 <br/>,
 u'\n',
 <strong class="offender">HAIR COLOR:</strong>,
 u' BROWN',
 <br/>,
 u'\n']

然后从列表中筛选出你需要的项目：

>>> data = dict(zip([x.text for x in p.contents[1::4]], [x.strip() for x in p.contents[2::4]]))
>>> pprint(data)
{u'EYE COLOR:': u'GREEN',
 u'GENDER:': u'FEMALE',
 u'HAIR COLOR:': u'BROWN',
 u'HEIGHT:': u"5'05''",
 u'RACE:': u'WHITE',
 u'WEIGHT:': u'118',
 u'YOB:': u'1987'}

Answer 4

只需要遍历所有的 <strong> 标签，然后使用 next_sibling 来获取你想要的内容。可以这样做：

for strong_tag in soup.find_all('strong'):
    print(strong_tag.text, strong_tag.next_sibling)

示例：

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

html = '''
<p>
  <strong class="offender">YOB:</strong> 1987<br />
  <strong class="offender">RACE:</strong> WHITE<br />
  <strong class="offender">GENDER:</strong> FEMALE<br />
  <strong class="offender">HEIGHT:</strong> 5'05''<br />
  <strong class="offender">WEIGHT:</strong> 118<br />
  <strong class="offender">EYE COLOR:</strong> GREEN<br />
  <strong class="offender">HAIR COLOR:</strong> BROWN<br />
</p>
'''

soup = BeautifulSoup(html)

for strong_tag in soup.find_all('strong'):
    print(strong_tag.text, strong_tag.next_sibling)

这样你就能得到：

YOB:  1987
RACE:  WHITE
GENDER:  FEMALE
HEIGHT:  5'05''
WEIGHT:  118
EYE COLOR:  GREEN
HAIR COLOR:  BROWN