在两个标签之间查找单词的正则表达式

Question

我该如何在Python中使用正则表达式来找到标签之间的单词呢？

s = """<person>John</person>went to<location>London</location>"""
......
.......
print 'person of name:' John
print 'location:' London 

Answer 1

probably you are looking for **XML tree and elements**
XML is an inherently hierarchical data format, and the most natural way to represent it is with a tree. ET has two classes for this purpose - ElementTree represents the whole XML document as a tree, and Element represents a single node in this tree. Interactions with the whole document (reading and writing to/from files) are usually done on the ElementTree level. Interactions with a single XML element and its sub-elements are done on the Element level.

19.7.1.2. Parsing XML
We’ll be using the following XML document as the sample data for this section:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<data>
    <country name="Liechtenstein">
        <rank>1</rank>
        <year>2008</year>
        <gdppc>141100</gdppc>
        <neighbor name="Austria" direction="E"/>
        <neighbor name="Switzerland" direction="W"/>
    </country>
    <country name="Singapore">
        <rank>4</rank>
        <year>2011</year>
        <gdppc>59900</gdppc>
        <neighbor name="Malaysia" direction="N"/>
    </country>
    <country name="Panama">
        <rank>68</rank>
        <year>2011</year>
        <gdppc>13600</gdppc>
        <neighbor name="Costa Rica" direction="W"/>
        <neighbor name="Colombia" direction="E"/>
    </country>
</data>

我们有很多方法可以导入数据。首先是从磁盘读取文件：

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
tree = ET.parse('country_data.xml')
root = tree.getroot()

其次是从字符串中读取数据：

root = ET.fromstring(country_data_as_string)

还有其他的Python XML和HTML解析器

https://wiki.python.org/moin/PythonXml http://docs.python.org/2/library/htmlparser.html

Answer 2

import re

# simple example
pattern = r"<person>(.*?)</person>"
string = "<person>My name is Jo</person>"
re.findall(pattern, string, flags=0)

# multiline string example
string = "<person>My name is:\n Jo</person>"
re.findall(pattern, string, flags=re.DOTALL)

这个例子只适合简单的解析。如果你想了解更多，可以看看Python官方文档中的re模块。

如果你想解析HTML，建议你参考@sabuj-hassan的回答，不过也别忘了查看这个Stack Overflow上的好帖子。

Answer 3

你可以使用 BeautifulSoup 来解析这个HTML。

input = """"<person>John</person>went to<location>London</location>"""
soup = BeautifulSoup(input)
print soup.findAll("person")[0].renderContents()
print soup.findAll("location")[0].renderContents()

另外，在Python中用 str 作为变量名并不是个好主意，因为 str() 在Python中有其他的意思。

顺便提一下，正则表达式可以是：

import re
print re.findall("<person>(.*?)</person>", input, re.DOTALL)
print re.findall("<location>(.*?)</location>", input, re.DOTALL)