如何在同一个.py中使用多线程实现客户端和服务器，但在不同端口上

Question

我想用Python做一个聊天程序，这样我就可以发送和接收数据了。
我在想可以让多个线程同时运行，一个线程负责客户端，一个线程负责服务器。
我想问的是，
我该怎么在一个文件里让两个类同时运行多个线程呢？

我现在的代码是：

from socket import *
from threading import Thread

class Server(Thread):
    def __init__(self,host,port,user):
        self.port = port
        self.host = host
        self.user = user
        self.bufsize = 1024
        self.addr = (host,port)

        self.socket = socket(AF_INET , SOCK_STREAM)
        self.socket.bind(self.addr)
        Thread.__init__(self)

    def run(self):
        self.socket.listen(5)
        while True:
            print 'Waiting for connection..'
            client, caddr = self.socket.accept()
            print 'Connected To',caddr

            data = client.recv(self.bufsize)
            if not data:
                continue
            print data         


class Client(Thread):
    def __init__(self,host,port,user):
        self.port = port
        self.host = host
        self.user = user
        self.bufsize = 1024
        self.addr = (host,port)

        self.socket = socket(AF_INET , SOCK_STREAM)
        Thread.__init__(self)

    def run(self):
        self.socket.connect(self.addr)
        while True:
            data = raw_input('> ')
            if not data:
                continue
            data = user+' said : '+data
            tcpClient.send(data)

host = ''
p1 = int(raw_input('Enter Port 1 : '))
p2 = int(raw_input('Enter Port 2 : '))
user = raw_input('Enter Your user: ').strip()

client = Client(host,p1,user)
server = Server(host,p2,user)

client.start()
server.start()

我现在遇到的错误信息是：

Exception in thread Thread-1:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python2.7 For Chintoo\lib\threading.py", line 552, in __bootstrap_inner
    self.run()
  File "C:\Users\karuna\Desktop\Jython\Python\My Modules\Network\Chat.py", line 41, in run
    self.socket.connect(self.addr)
  File "C:\Python2.7 For Chintoo\lib\socket.py", line 224, in meth
    return getattr(self._sock,name)(*args)
error: [Errno 10049] The requested address is not valid in its context

Answer 1

你可以使用线程模块，这正是你需要的。你可以在这里查看相关文档：http://docs.python.org/2/library/threading.html

from socket import *
from threading import Thread

class Server(Thread):
    def __init__(self,host,port,name):
        Thread.__init__(self)
        self.port = port
        self.host = host
        self.name = name
        self.bufsize = 1024
        self.addr = (host,port)

        self.socket = socket(AF_INET , SOCK_STREAM)
        self.socket.bind(self.addr)

    def run(self):
        self.socket.listen(5)
        while True:
            print 'Waiting for connection..'
            client, caddr = self.socket.accept()
            print 'Connected To',caddr

            data = client.recv(self.bufsize)
            if not data:
                continue
            print data         


class Client(Thread):
    def __init__(self,host,port,name):
        Thread.__init__(self)
        self.port = port
        self.host = host
        self.name = name
        self.bufsize = 1024
        self.addr = (host,port)

        self.socket = socket(AF_INET , SOCK_STREAM)

    def run(self):
        invalid = True
        while invalid:
            try:
                invalid = False
                self.socket.connect(self.addr)
            except:
                invalid = True

        while True:
            data = raw_input('> ')
            if not data:
                continue
            data = name+' said : '+data
            tcpClient.send(data)

host = ''
p1 = int(raw_input('Enter Port 1 : '))
p2 = int(raw_input('Enter Port 2 : '))
name = raw_input('Enter Your Name: ').strip()


server = Server(host,p2,name)
client = Client(host,p1,name)

server.start()
client.start()

server.join()

另外，有些原因让你不应该使用旧式的类。如果你要创建一个简单的类，至少要像这样从对象继承：

class Something(object):
....

Answer 2

简单来说，就是启动多个线程：

from threading import Thread

class Foo(Thread):
     def __init__(self):
         Thread.__init__(self)
         self.keepRunning = True
     def run(self):
         while self.keepRunning:
            print "running in thread", self

import time
if __name__ == "__main__":
     mythread1 = Foo()
     mythread2 = Foo()
     mythread1.start()
     mythread2.start()
     time.sleep(10) # and let the 2 threads to their work
     mythread1.keepRunning = False
     mythread2.keepRunning = False