如何用Boost::Python封装C++ OpenCV代码?

4 投票
1 回答
3440 浏览
提问于 2025-04-17 15:28

我想把我的 C++ OpenCV 代码和 boost::python 结合起来。为了学习怎么做,我尝试了一个简单的例子,其中:

  • 我使用了 Boost.Numpy 项目来提供 boost::numpy::ndarray

  • 我想要结合的 C++ 函数 square() 接收一个 boost::numpy::ndarray,并在原地修改它,把每个元素都平方。

  • 导出的 Python 模块叫做 test

  • 这个 square() C++ 函数在导出的模块中以 square 的名字出现。

  • 使用 bjam,因为我觉得它太复杂了,而且无论如何都不适合我。我还是用老式的 make

现在,代码如下:

// test.cpp
#include <boost/python.hpp>
#include <boost/numpy.hpp>
#include <boost/scoped_array.hpp>
#include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
#include <iostream>

namespace py = boost::python;
namespace np = boost::numpy;

void square(np::ndarray& array)
{
    if (array.get_dtype() != np::dtype::get_builtin<int>())
    {
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "Incorrect array data type.");
        py::throw_error_already_set();
    }
    size_t rows = array.shape(0), cols = array.shape(1);
    size_t stride_row = array.strides(0) / sizeof(int), 
           stride_col = array.strides(1) / sizeof(int);
    cv::Mat mat(rows, cols, CV_32S);
    int *row_iter = reinterpret_cast<int*>(array.get_data());
    for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++, row_iter += stride_row)
    {
        int *col_iter = row_iter;
        int *mat_row = (int*)mat.ptr(i);
        for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++, col_iter += stride_col)
        {
            *(mat_row + j) = (*col_iter) * (*col_iter); 
        }
    }

    for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++, row_iter += stride_row)
    {
        int *col_iter = row_iter;
        int *mat_row = (int*)mat.ptr(i);
        for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++, col_iter += stride_col)
        {
            *col_iter = *(mat_row + j);
        }
    }
}


BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE(test)
{
   using namespace boost::python;
   def("square", square);
}

这是 Makefile:

PYTHON_VERSION = 2.7
PYTHON_INCLUDE = /usr/include/python$(PYTHON_VERSION)

BOOST_INC = /usr/local/include
BOOST_LIB = /usr/local/lib
OPENCV_LIB = $$(pkg-config --libs opencv)
OPENCV_INC = $$(pkg-config --cflags opencv)

TARGET = test

$(TARGET).so: $(TARGET).o
        g++ -shared -Wl,--export-dynamic \
        $(TARGET).o -L$(BOOST_LIB) -lboost_python \
        $(OPENCV_LIB) \
        -L/usr/lib/python$(PYTHON_VERSION)/config -lpython$(PYTHON_VERSION) \
        -o $(TARGET).so

$(TARGET).o: $(TARGET).cpp
        g++ -I$(PYTHON_INCLUDE) $(OPENCV_INC) -I$(BOOST_INC) -fPIC -c $(TARGET).cpp

按照这个方案,我可以输入 make,然后就会生成 test.so。但是当我尝试导入它时,

In [1]: import test
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ImportError                               Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-1-73ae3ffe1045> in <module>()
----> 1 import test

ImportError: ./test.so: undefined symbol:        _ZN5boost6python9converter21object_manager_traitsINS_5numpy7ndarrayEE10get_pytypeEv

In [2]: 

出现了一个链接错误,我似乎无法解决。有人能帮我看看发生了什么吗?你有没有(链接到)已经整合 OpenCV、numpy 和 Boost.Python 的代码,而不需要像 Py++ 这样的东西?

1 个回答

3

好的,我解决了这个问题。其实很简单,但我当时脑袋有点昏,喝了几杯 bjam 后就忽略了。原来在 Makefile 里,我忘了加 -lboost_numpy,这个是用来把 Boost.Numpy 库链接到我的库里的。所以,修改后的 Makefile 看起来是这样的:

PYTHON_VERSION = 2.7
PYTHON_INCLUDE = /usr/include/python$(PYTHON_VERSION)

BOOST_INC = /usr/local/include
BOOST_LIB = /usr/local/lib
OPENCV_LIB = $$(pkg-config --libs opencv)
OPENCV_INC = $$(pkg-config --cflags opencv)

TARGET = test

$(TARGET).so: $(TARGET).o
        g++ -shared -Wl,--export-dynamic \
        $(TARGET).o -L$(BOOST_LIB) -lboost_python -lboost_numpy \
        $(OPENCV_LIB) \
        -L/usr/lib/python$(PYTHON_VERSION)/config -lpython$(PYTHON_VERSION) \
        -o $(TARGET).so

$(TARGET).o: $(TARGET).cpp
        g++ -I$(PYTHON_INCLUDE) $(OPENCV_INC) -I$(BOOST_INC) -fPIC -c $(TARGET).cpp

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