将模型拆分为多个文件 Python 导入包/子包

Question

我遇到了以下错误：

Error: ImportError: No module named models.account

我正在尝试将我的模型拆分开。

这是我的项目结构：

site
  | site
  |  | models
  |  |  | __init__.py
  |  |  | account.py
  |  | views
  |     | __init__.py
  |     | site.py
  | __init__.py
  | resources.py
  | routes.py
  | security.py

site/site/views/site.py

from pyramid.view import view_config
from pyramid.httpexceptions import HTTPFound
from site.models.account import User


@view_config(context='pyramid.httpexceptions.HTTPForbidden',
         renderer='generic/login.mako')
@view_config(route_name='generic_login', renderer='generic/login.mako')
def login(request):
  if request.scheme == 'http':
    request.scheme = 'https'
    #return HTTPFound(location=request.url)

  if 'form.submitted' in request.params:
    uemail = request.params['email']
    pw = request.params['pass']

    user = User.objects(email=uemail).first()

  return {}

路径

/Volumes/workspace/py/website/site/bin
/Volumes/workspace/py/website/site/lib/python2.7/site-packages/setuptools-0.6c11-py2.7.egg
/Volumes/workspace/py/website/site/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip-1.2.1-py2.7.egg
/Volumes/workspace/py/website/site/lib/python2.7/site-packages/WebError-0.10.3-py2.7.egg
/Volumes/workspace/py/website/site/lib/python2.7/site-packages/Pygments-1.6-py2.7.egg
/Volumes/workspace/py/website/site/lib/python2.7/site-packages/Tempita-0.5.1-py2.7.egg
/Volumes/workspace/py/website/site/site
/Volumes/workspace/py/website/site/lib/python2.7/site-packages/WebHelpers-1.3-py2.7.egg
/Volumes/workspace/py/website/site/lib/python27.zip
/Volumes/workspace/py/website/site/lib/python2.7
/Volumes/workspace/py/website/site/lib/python2.7/plat-darwin
/Volumes/workspace/py/website/site/lib/python2.7/plat-mac
/Volumes/workspace/py/website/site/lib/python2.7/plat-mac/lib-scriptpackages
/Volumes/workspace/py/website/site/lib/python2.7/lib-tk
/Volumes/workspace/py/website/site/lib/python2.7/lib-old
/Volumes/workspace/py/website/site/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7
/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/plat-darwin
/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/lib-tk
/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/plat-mac
/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/plat-mac/lib-scriptpackages
/Volumes/workspace/py/website/site/lib/python2.7/site-packages

我刚开始学习Python，所以在努力弄明白这个问题。

Answer 1

from site.views import blah

site 是一个标准的 Python 模块的名字，具体可以查看官方文档。这个模块有点特殊，它在解释器启动时会自动加载。这可能会导致问题，特别是如果系统的 site 模块覆盖了你自己写的模块。

你可以尝试用一些方法来解决这个问题，比如

from ..models.account import User

但最终，给你的项目换个名字可能会更好。

另一个常见的问题是 Python 中的循环导入错误。比如说，如果你在你的 site.models 模块里有某些内容，同时又在 site.views 中尝试使用 from site.models.account import User，这就会导致循环依赖。简单来说，这种情况会让在出错的导入语句下面的内容变得未定义。如果你找不到循环导入的问题，请更新你的提问，列出所有 site.models 和 site.views 被导入的地方。