如何使用Flask-Script和Gunicorn
我正在开发一个Flask应用,使用Flask自带的开发服务器。我是通过Flask-Script来启动它的。现在我想换成Gunicorn作为网络服务器。为了做到这一点,我需要写一些代码来连接Flask-Script和Gunicorn吗?还是说Flask-Script在用Gunicorn运行应用时就没用了?
提前谢谢你们!
感谢@sean-lynch。以下是基于他回答的有效代码,经过测试可用。我做的修改有:
在尝试启动服务器之前,我在
remove_non_gunicorn_command_line_args()
中移除了sys.argv
中Gunicorn不认识的选项。否则,Gunicorn会报错,提示类似这样的信息:error: unrecognized arguments: --port 5010
。我移除了-p
,因为虽然它不会导致错误,但Gunicorn把它当作pidfile
选项的简写,这显然不是我想要的。修改了GunicornServer.handle()的签名,使其与它重写的方法Command.handle()一致。
-
from flask_script import Command
from gunicorn.app.base import Application
class GunicornServer(Command):
description = 'Run the app within Gunicorn'
def __init__(self, host='127.0.0.1', port=8000, workers=6):
self.port = port
self.host = host
self.workers = workers
def get_options(self):
return (
Option('-t', '--host',
dest='host',
default=self.host),
Option('-p', '--port',
dest='port',
type=int,
default=self.port),
Option('-w', '--workers',
dest='workers',
type=int,
default=self.workers),
)
def handle(self, app, *args, **kwargs):
host = kwargs['host']
port = kwargs['port']
workers = kwargs['workers']
def remove_non_gunicorn_command_line_args():
import sys
args_to_remove = ['--port','-p']
def args_filter(name_or_value):
keep = not args_to_remove.count(name_or_value)
if keep:
previous = sys.argv[sys.argv.index(name_or_value) - 1]
keep = not args_to_remove.count(previous)
return keep
sys.argv = filter(args_filter, sys.argv)
remove_non_gunicorn_command_line_args()
from gunicorn import version_info
if version_info < (0, 9, 0):
from gunicorn.arbiter import Arbiter
from gunicorn.config import Config
arbiter = Arbiter(Config({'bind': "%s:%d" % (host, int(port)),'workers': workers}), app)
arbiter.run()
else:
class FlaskApplication(Application):
def init(self, parser, opts, args):
return {
'bind': '{0}:{1}'.format(host, port),
'workers': workers
}
def load(self):
return app
FlaskApplication().run()
manager.add_command('gunicorn', GunicornServer())
7 个回答
根据Sean的回答,我也写了一个我更喜欢的版本。
@manager.option('-h', '--host', dest='host', default='127.0.0.1')
@manager.option('-p', '--port', dest='port', type=int, default=6969)
@manager.option('-w', '--workers', dest='workers', type=int, default=3)
def gunicorn(host, port, workers):
"""Start the Server with Gunicorn"""
from gunicorn.app.base import Application
class FlaskApplication(Application):
def init(self, parser, opts, args):
return {
'bind': '{0}:{1}'.format(host, port),
'workers': workers
}
def load(self):
return app
application = FlaskApplication()
return application.run()
你可以用这样的命令来运行gunicorn:python manager.py gunicorn
我根据Sean Lynch的版本,写了一个更好的GunicornServer,现在这个命令可以接受所有gunicorn的参数。
from yourapp import app
from flask.ext.script import Manager, Command, Option
class GunicornServer(Command):
"""Run the app within Gunicorn"""
def get_options(self):
from gunicorn.config import make_settings
settings = make_settings()
options = (
Option(*klass.cli, action=klass.action)
for setting, klass in settings.iteritems() if klass.cli
)
return options
def run(self, *args, **kwargs):
from gunicorn.app.wsgiapp import WSGIApplication
app = WSGIApplication()
app.app_uri = 'manage:app'
return app.run()
manager = Manager(app)
manager.add_command("gunicorn", GunicornServer())
正如Dhaivat所说,你可以直接用Gunicorn来运行你的Flask应用。
如果你还是想用Flask-Script,你需要创建一个自定义的Command
。我对Gunicorn没有经验,但我找到了一种类似的解决方案,是为Flask-Actions做的,然后把它移植到了Flask-Script,不过要注意,这个方法还没有经过测试。
from flask_script import Command, Option
class GunicornServer(Command):
description = 'Run the app within Gunicorn'
def __init__(self, host='127.0.0.1', port=8000, workers=4):
self.port = port
self.host = host
self.workers = workers
def get_options(self):
return (
Option('-H', '--host',
dest='host',
default=self.host),
Option('-p', '--port',
dest='port',
type=int,
default=self.port),
Option('-w', '--workers',
dest='workers',
type=int,
default=self.workers),
)
def handle(self, app, host, port, workers):
from gunicorn import version_info
if version_info < (0, 9, 0):
from gunicorn.arbiter import Arbiter
from gunicorn.config import Config
arbiter = Arbiter(Config({'bind': "%s:%d" % (host, int(port)),'workers': workers}), app)
arbiter.run()
else:
from gunicorn.app.base import Application
class FlaskApplication(Application):
def init(self, parser, opts, args):
return {
'bind': '{0}:{1}'.format(host, port),
'workers': workers
}
def load(self):
return app
FlaskApplication().run()
然后你可以选择把它注册为Flask的本地开发服务器,这样你就可以用python manage.py runserver
来启动。
manager.add_command("runserver", GunicornServer())
或者你可以把它注册为一个新命令,比如用python manage.py gunicorn
来启动。
manager.add_command("gunicorn", GunicornServer())
编辑于2016年6月: 在最新版本的Flask-Script中,把方法handle
改成__call__
。你可以对比一下旧版flask-script和新版flask-script。