Python的二维码解码库

Question

我正在尝试用Python制作一个可以编码和解码二维码的应用程序。编码部分我已经成功了，但在Python中找不到解码的库（除了zbar）。我使用的是Windows 7系统上的Python 2.7。

我在我的系统上无法安装zbar。我已经安装了这个库所需的依赖模块，但每次尝试安装时都会遇到很多错误，尤其是在zbar.h和zbarmodule.c中出现了许多语法错误。我不明白为什么会这样，也不知道问题出在哪里。

在安装zbar时，我遇到了以下错误：

C:\Users\vijay>easy_install zbar
Searching for zbar
Reading http://pypi.python.org/simple/zbar/
Reading http://zbar.sourceforge.net
Best match: zbar 0.10
Downloading http://pypi.python.org/packages/source/z/zbar/zbar-0.10.zip#md5=9e99
ef2f6b471131120982a0dcacd64b
Processing zbar-0.10.zip
Running zbar-0.10\setup.py -q bdist_egg --dist-dir c:\users\vijay\appdata\local\
temp\easy_install-hv_kag\zbar-0.10\egg-dist-tmp-sxhz3s
zbarmodule.c
C:\Python27\include\zbar.h(685) : error C2054: expected '(' to follow 'inline'
C:\Python27\include\zbar.h(687) : error C2085: 'zbar_processor_parse_config' : n
ot in formal parameter list
C:\Python27\include\zbar.h(687) : error C2143: syntax error : missing ';' before
'{'
C:\Python27\include\zbar.h(761) : error C2054: expected '(' to follow 'inline'
C:\Python27\include\zbar.h(763) : error C2085: 'zbar_processor_error_spew' : not
in formal parameter list
C:\Python27\include\zbar.h(763) : error C2143: syntax error : missing ';' before
'{'
C:\Python27\include\zbar.h(768) : error C2143: syntax error : missing '{' before
'const'
C:\Python27\include\zbar.h(777) : error C2054: expected '(' to follow 'inline'
C:\Python27\include\zbar.h(778) : error C2085: 'zbar_processor_get_error_code' :
not in formal parameter list
C:\Python27\include\zbar.h(778) : error C2143: syntax error : missing ';' before
'{'
C:\Python27\include\zbar.h(882) : error C2054: expected '(' to follow 'inline'
C:\Python27\include\zbar.h(884) : error C2085: 'zbar_video_error_spew' : not in
formal parameter list
C:\Python27\include\zbar.h(884) : error C2143: syntax error : missing ';' before
'{'
C:\Python27\include\zbar.h(889) : error C2143: syntax error : missing '{' before
'const'
C:\Python27\include\zbar.h(897) : error C2054: expected '(' to follow 'inline'
C:\Python27\include\zbar.h(898) : error C2085: 'zbar_video_get_error_code' : not
in formal parameter list
C:\Python27\include\zbar.h(898) : error C2143: syntax error : missing ';' before
'{'
C:\Python27\include\zbar.h(968) : error C2054: expected '(' to follow 'inline'
C:\Python27\include\zbar.h(970) : error C2085: 'zbar_window_error_spew' : not in
formal parameter list
C:\Python27\include\zbar.h(970) : error C2143: syntax error : missing ';' before
'{'
C:\Python27\include\zbar.h(975) : error C2143: syntax error : missing '{' before
'const'
C:\Python27\include\zbar.h(984) : error C2054: expected '(' to follow 'inline'
C:\Python27\include\zbar.h(985) : error C2085: 'zbar_window_get_error_code' : no
t in formal parameter list
C:\Python27\include\zbar.h(985) : error C2143: syntax error : missing ';' before
'{'
C:\Python27\include\zbar.h(1050) : error C2054: expected '(' to follow 'inline'
C:\Python27\include\zbar.h(1052) : error C2085: 'zbar_image_scanner_parse_config
' : not in formal parameter list
C:\Python27\include\zbar.h(1052) : error C2143: syntax error : missing ';' befor
e '{'
C:\Python27\include\zbar.h(1141) : error C2054: expected '(' to follow 'inline'
C:\Python27\include\zbar.h(1143) : error C2085: 'zbar_decoder_parse_config' : no
t in formal parameter list
C:\Python27\include\zbar.h(1143) : error C2143: syntax error : missing ';' befor
e '{'
C:\Python27\include\zbar.h(1276) : error C2054: expected '(' to follow 'inline'
C:\Python27\include\zbar.h(1278) : error C2085: 'zbar_scan_rgb24' : not in forma
l parameter list
C:\Python27\include\zbar.h(1278) : error C2143: syntax error : missing ';' befor
e '{'
zbarmodule.c(65) : error C2143: syntax error : missing ';' before 'type'
zbarmodule.c(66) : error C2065: 'major' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(66) : error C2065: 'minor' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(68) : error C2065: 'major' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(68) : error C2065: 'minor' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(133) : error C2275: 'zbar_error_t' : illegal use of this type as an
expression
C:\Python27\include\zbar.h(121) : see declaration of 'zbar_error_t'
zbarmodule.c(133) : error C2146: syntax error : missing ';' before identifier 'e
i'
zbarmodule.c(133) : error C2065: 'ei' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(134) : error C2065: 'ei' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(134) : error C2065: 'ei' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(134) : error C2065: 'ei' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(135) : error C2065: 'ei' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(135) : error C2065: 'ei' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(136) : error C2065: 'ei' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(146) : error C2275: 'PyObject' : illegal use of this type as an exp
ression
    c:\python27\include\object.h(108) : see declaration of 'PyObject'
zbarmodule.c(146) : error C2065: 'mod' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(147) : error C2065: 'mod' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(151) : error C2065: 'mod' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(151) : warning C4047: 'function' : 'PyObject *' differs in levels o
f indirection from 'int'
zbarmodule.c(151) : warning C4024: 'PyModule_AddObject' : different types for fo
rmal and actual parameter 1
zbarmodule.c(152) : error C2065: 'mod' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(152) : warning C4047: 'function' : 'PyObject *' differs in levels o
f indirection from 'int'
zbarmodule.c(152) : warning C4024: 'PyModule_AddObject' : different types for fo
rmal and actual parameter 1
zbarmodule.c(153) : error C2065: 'mod' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(153) : warning C4047: 'function' : 'PyObject *' differs in levels o
f indirection from 'int'
zbarmodule.c(153) : warning C4024: 'PyModule_AddObject' : different types for fo
rmal and actual parameter 1
zbarmodule.c(154) : error C2065: 'mod' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(154) : warning C4047: 'function' : 'PyObject *' differs in levels o
f indirection from 'int'
zbarmodule.c(154) : warning C4024: 'PyModule_AddObject' : different types for fo
rmal and actual parameter 1
zbarmodule.c(155) : error C2065: 'mod' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(155) : warning C4047: 'function' : 'PyObject *' differs in levels o
f indirection from 'int'
zbarmodule.c(155) : warning C4024: 'PyModule_AddObject' : different types for fo
rmal and actual parameter 1
zbarmodule.c(156) : error C2065: 'mod' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(156) : warning C4047: 'function' : 'PyObject *' differs in levels o
f indirection from 'int'
zbarmodule.c(156) : warning C4024: 'PyModule_AddObject' : different types for fo
rmal and actual parameter 1
zbarmodule.c(157) : error C2065: 'mod' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(157) : warning C4047: 'function' : 'PyObject *' differs in levels o
f indirection from 'int'
zbarmodule.c(157) : warning C4024: 'PyModule_AddObject' : different types for fo
rmal and actual parameter 1
zbarmodule.c(158) : error C2065: 'mod' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(158) : warning C4047: 'function' : 'PyObject *' differs in levels o
f indirection from 'int'
zbarmodule.c(158) : warning C4024: 'PyModule_AddObject' : different types for fo
rmal and actual parameter 1
zbarmodule.c(159) : error C2065: 'mod' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(159) : warning C4047: 'function' : 'PyObject *' differs in levels o
f indirection from 'int'
zbarmodule.c(159) : warning C4024: 'PyModule_AddObject' : different types for fo
rmal and actual parameter 1
zbarmodule.c(160) : error C2065: 'mod' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(160) : warning C4047: 'function' : 'PyObject *' differs in levels o
f indirection from 'int'
zbarmodule.c(160) : warning C4024: 'PyModule_AddObject' : different types for fo
rmal and actual parameter 1
zbarmodule.c(162) : error C2065: 'ei' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(162) : error C2065: 'ei' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(162) : error C2065: 'ei' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(163) : error C2065: 'ei' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(164) : error C2065: 'mod' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(164) : warning C4047: 'function' : 'PyObject *' differs in levels o
f indirection from 'int'
zbarmodule.c(164) : warning C4024: 'PyModule_AddObject' : different types for fo
rmal and actual parameter 1
zbarmodule.c(164) : error C2065: 'ei' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(164) : error C2065: 'ei' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(167) : error C2275: 'PyObject' : illegal use of this type as an exp
ression
    c:\python27\include\object.h(108) : see declaration of 'PyObject'
zbarmodule.c(167) : error C2065: 'dict' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(167) : error C2065: 'mod' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(167) : warning C4047: 'function' : 'PyObject *' differs in levels o
f indirection from 'int'
zbarmodule.c(167) : warning C4024: 'PyModule_GetDict' : different types for form
al and actual parameter 1
zbarmodule.c(169) : error C2065: 'dict' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(169) : warning C4047: 'function' : 'PyObject *' differs in levels o
f indirection from 'int'
zbarmodule.c(169) : warning C4024: 'zbarEnumItem_New' : different types for form
al and actual parameter 1
zbarmodule.c(171) : error C2065: 'dict' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(171) : warning C4047: 'function' : 'PyObject *' differs in levels o
f indirection from 'int'
zbarmodule.c(171) : warning C4024: 'zbarEnumItem_New' : different types for form
al and actual parameter 1
zbarmodule.c(183) : error C2275: 'PyObject' : illegal use of this type as an exp
ression
        c:\python27\include\object.h(108) : see declaration of 'PyObject'
zbarmodule.c(183) : error C2065: 'tp_dict' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(185) : error C2065: 'tp_dict' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(185) : warning C4047: 'function' : 'PyObject *' differs in levels o
f indirection from 'int'
zbarmodule.c(185) : warning C4024: 'zbarEnumItem_New' : different types for form
al and actual parameter 1
zbarmodule.c(186) : error C2065: 'tp_dict' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(186) : warning C4047: 'function' : 'PyObject *' differs in levels o
f indirection from 'int'
zbarmodule.c(186) : warning C4024: 'zbarEnumItem_New' : different types for form
al and actual parameter 1
zbarmodule.c(187) : error C2065: 'tp_dict' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(187) : warning C4047: 'function' : 'PyObject *' differs in levels o
f indirection from 'int'
zbarmodule.c(187) : warning C4024: 'zbarEnumItem_New' : different types for form
al and actual parameter 1
zbarmodule.c(188) : error C2065: 'tp_dict' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(188) : warning C4047: 'function' : 'PyObject *' differs in levels o
f indirection from 'int'
zbarmodule.c(188) : warning C4024: 'zbarEnumItem_New' : different types for form
al and actual parameter 1
zbarmodule.c(189) : error C2065: 'tp_dict' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(189) : warning C4047: 'function' : 'PyObject *' differs in levels o
f indirection from 'int'
zbarmodule.c(189) : warning C4024: 'zbarEnumItem_New' : different types for form
al and actual parameter 1
zbarmodule.c(190) : error C2065: 'tp_dict' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(190) : warning C4047: 'function' : 'PyObject *' differs in levels o
f indirection from 'int'
zbarmodule.c(190) : warning C4024: 'zbarEnumItem_New' : different types for form
al and actual parameter 1
zbarmodule.c(191) : error C2065: 'tp_dict' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(191) : warning C4047: 'function' : 'PyObject *' differs in levels o
f indirection from 'int'
zbarmodule.c(191) : warning C4024: 'zbarEnumItem_New' : different types for form
al and actual parameter 1
zbarmodule.c(192) : error C2065: 'tp_dict' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(192) : warning C4047: 'function' : 'PyObject *' differs in levels o
f indirection from 'int'
zbarmodule.c(192) : warning C4024: 'zbarEnumItem_New' : different types for form
al and actual parameter 1
zbarmodule.c(193) : error C2065: 'tp_dict' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(193) : warning C4047: 'function' : 'PyObject *' differs in levels o
f indirection from 'int'
zbarmodule.c(193) : warning C4024: 'zbarEnumItem_New' : different types for form
al and actual parameter 1
zbarmodule.c(194) : error C2065: 'tp_dict' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(194) : warning C4047: 'function' : 'PyObject *' differs in levels o
f indirection from 'int'
zbarmodule.c(194) : warning C4024: 'zbarEnumItem_New' : different types for form
al and actual parameter 1
zbarmodule.c(195) : error C2065: 'tp_dict' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(195) : warning C4047: 'function' : 'PyObject *' differs in levels o
f indirection from 'int'
zbarmodule.c(195) : warning C4024: 'zbarEnumItem_New' : different types for form
al and actual parameter 1
zbarmodule.c(196) : error C2065: 'tp_dict' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(196) : warning C4047: 'function' : 'PyObject *' differs in levels o
f indirection from 'int'
zbarmodule.c(196) : warning C4024: 'zbarEnumItem_New' : different types for form
al and actual parameter 1
zbarmodule.c(197) : error C2065: 'tp_dict' : undeclared identifier
zbarmodule.c(197) : warning C4047: 'function' : 'PyObject *' differs in levels o
f indirection from 'int'
zbarmodule.c(197) : warning C4024: 'zbarEnumItem_New' : different types for form
al and actual parameter 1
error: Setup script exited with error: command '"C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsof
t Visual Studio 9.0\VC\BIN\cl.exe"' failed with exit status 2

有没有人能帮我解决zbar的安装问题，或者推荐一个可以解码二维码的库？

Answer 1

pyqrcode 可以用来生成和读取二维码。

关于 zbar，正如其他人所说的，如果不知道具体的错误信息，很难帮助你。

你是从 Windows 的二进制包安装 zbar 还是从源代码安装的呢？

zbar 有一个预先构建好的 Windows 二进制安装包，可以在 这里 下载，同时也有适用于 Python 2.5 和 2.6 的模块二进制包，可以在 这里 找到。

关于 zbar 的安装，可以参考这些 zbar 安装说明。

下面是根据上述链接，安装 zbar Python 模块的步骤总结：

1. 安装 zbar（最好从这个二进制包 这里 安装）
2. 安装 MinGW
3. 把 Zbar\bin 和 MinGW\bin（安装目录）添加到你的 Windows 环境变量中
4. 从 这里 下载 Zbar Python 模块的源代码，并解压到一个临时文件夹

5. 修改 setup.py 脚本，以使用自定义的 zbar 包含和库路径。

   在第 3 行添加 from distutils.sysconfig import get_config_vars，并在 Extension 调用中添加以下参数：

       library_dirs=["""zbarlibdirectory"""],
       include_dirs=[get_config_vars('INCLUDEDIR'),
                     get_config_vars('INCLUDEPY'),
                     """zbarincludedirectory"""]
   

   其中 zbarlibdirectory 是类似 C:\zbar\lib 的路径，zbarincludedirectory 是类似 C:\zbar\include 的路径

6. 使用修改后的 setup.py 安装 zbar Python 模块

   python setup.py build --compiler=mingw32

   python setup.py install

至于在 Windows 7 上安装 pyqrcode，我还没有尝试过，但我相信你只需按照相关标题下的源代码说明，先安装所有依赖项，然后使用 nmake 或 MinGW 的 make 命令运行 make 和 make install。