Django - 修改简单搜索结果的外观

3 投票
1 回答
1030 浏览
提问于 2025-04-17 09:41

我正在学习使用Django,现在我想在我的网站上实现一个简单的搜索功能,参考了这个链接:http://julienphalip.com/post/2825034077/adding-search-to-a-django-site-in-a-snap

这段代码看起来是这样的:

search.py

import re

from django.db.models import Q

def normalize_query(query_string,
                findterms=re.compile(r'"([^"]+)"|(\S+)').findall,
                normspace=re.compile(r'\s{2,}').sub):
''' Splits the query string in invidual keywords, getting rid of unecessary spaces
    and grouping quoted words together.
    Example:

    >>> normalize_query('  some random  words "with   quotes  " and   spaces')
    ['some', 'random', 'words', 'with quotes', 'and', 'spaces']

'''
return [normspace(' ', (t[0] or t[1]).strip()) for t in findterms(query_string)] 

def get_query(query_string, search_fields):
''' Returns a query, that is a combination of Q objects. That combination
    aims to search keywords within a model by testing the given search fields.

'''
query = None # Query to search for every search term        
terms = normalize_query(query_string)
for term in terms:
    or_query = None # Query to search for a given term in each field
    for field_name in search_fields:
        q = Q(**{"%s__icontains" % field_name: term})
        if or_query is None:
            or_query = q
        else:
            or_query = or_query | q
    if query is None:
        query = or_query
    else:
        query = query & or_query
return query

views.py

from news.models import *
from news.search import *
from django.shortcuts import render_to_response
from django.template import RequestContext

def search(request):
query_string = ''
found_entries = None
search_fields=('text','title',)

if ('q' in request.GET) and request.GET['q'].strip():

    query_string = request.GET['q']

    entry_query = get_query(query_string, search_fields)

    found_entries = News.objects.filter(entry_query).order_by('-id')

return render_to_response('search/search.html',
                      { 'query_string': query_string, 'found_entries': found_entries },
                      context_instance=RequestContext(request))

models.py

STATUS_CHOICES = (
              ('d', 'Draft'),
              ('p', 'Published'),
              ('w', 'Withdrawn'),
)

class News(models.Model):


category = models.ManyToManyField(Category, verbose_name='Kategorie')
title = models.CharField(max_length=255, verbose_name='Tytuł')
slug = models.SlugField(max_length=255, unique=True, verbose_name='Odnośnik')
text = models.TextField(verbose_name='Treść')
date = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name='Data dodania')
author = models.ForeignKey(User, verbose_name='Autor')
status = models.CharField(max_length=1, choices=STATUS_CHOICES, default='d')


class Meta:
    verbose_name = "Wiadomość"
    verbose_name_plural = "Wiadomość"


def __str__(self):
    return self.title
def __unicode__(self):
    return self.title
def get_absolute_url(self):
    return '/news/' + self.slug + '/'

search.html

{% if found_entries %}
                <p>You searched for "{{ query_string }}".</p>            
                    <ul>
                    {% for i in found_entries %}
                        <li><a href="{{ q.get_absolute_url }}">{{found_entries }}</a></li>
                    {% endfor %}
                    </ul>
            {% endif %}
            {% if query_string and not found_entries %}
                <p>No results found.</p>
            {% else %}
                <p>Type a search query into the box above, and press "Submit" to search.</p>
            {% endif %}

我想做的是获取一个合适的搜索结果视图(通过新闻模型进行搜索,应该返回标题和几行文本吧?)目前的样子是这样的:http://dl.dropbox.com/u/26827941/ScreenShot108.png(我还不能发图片)

我花了至少几个小时试图找到合适的解决方案,想知道我该如何修改我的views.py和search.html,以便得到合适的搜索结果视图,你能帮我一下吗?

1 个回答

7

这就是你问题所在

                {% for i in found_entries %}
                    <li><a href="{{ i.get_absolute_url }}">{{i}}</a></li>
                {% endfor %}

当你直接显示 {{i}} 时,系统会用到模型的 __unicode__ 方法。

如果你想显示更多信息,可以使用 {{i.category}}{{i.title}} 等等。

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