寻找发送包含附件的原始邮件的Amazon SES示例

Question

我对亚马逊SES的文档不是很明白。所以如果你能给我一个例子，教我怎么发送包含PDF附件的纯文本邮件，那对我帮助很大。我使用的是Python 2.5和Google App Engine。因为我需要包含附件，所以只能使用“raw”这个选项。

我现在遇到的问题有：

• 发请求时，内容应该是什么。
• 邮件头里应该放哪些信息。
• 如何处理“returnPath”。
• 如何处理邮件的文本内容。它应该是：Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8; format=flowed; delsp=yes。Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64。
• 我该如何构建这个请求的HMAC签名。我知道怎么生成签名，但原始字符串在签名函数中应该是什么样子的。

Answer 1

为什么要使用他们的原始接口（raw API），而不是通过他们的标准SMTP接口发送附件和其他内容呢？而且，上次我查看的时候，原始接口似乎不支持BCC（密件抄送）。

SMTP接口：http://docs.amazonwebservices.com/ses/latest/DeveloperGuide/SMTP.html

被批准的MIME类型列表（否则SES会生气）：http://docs.amazonwebservices.com/ses/latest/DeveloperGuide/MIMETypes.html

Answer 2

我正在使用的步骤可以在这个链接中找到。大部分内容是根据这里的示例来做的。

Answer 3

这里有一个示例代码，教你如何使用SES发送原始电子邮件，邮件内容可以包含多种格式（纯文本/HTML/附件）：

from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.application import MIMEApplication
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from google.appengine.api import urlfetch
from google.appengine.runtime import DeadlineExceededError
import urllib
import hmac
import base64
import hashlib
from datetime import datetime
import logging


def ses_multi_part(msg_subject, msg_to, msg_body='', msg_cc=None, msg_bcc=None, file_name=None, file_reader=None,
                      msg_type='plain', msg_from='noreply@....', msg_reply_to='contact@....'):
    """ send an html or plain e-mail. Use file_name and file_reader to pass an attachment
        inspiration: https://codeadict.wordpress.com/2010/02/11/send-e-mails-with-attachment-in-python/
    """

    msg = MIMEMultipart()
    msg.set_charset("utf-8")

    msg['Subject'] = msg_subject
    msg['From'] = msg_from
    msg['Reply-to'] = msg_reply_to
    msg['To'] = msg_to
    if msg_cc:
        msg['Cc'] = msg_cc
    if msg_bcc:
        msg['Bcc'] = msg_bcc
    logging.debug(msg)

    msg.preamble = 'Multipart massage.\n'

    part = MIMEText(msg_body, msg_type, "utf-8")
    msg.attach(part)

    if file_name:
        part = MIMEApplication(file_reader.read())
        part.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename=file_name)
        msg.attach(part)

    return msg.as_string()


class SES(object):
    """ SES send RAW e-mail
        inspiration: https://github.com/richieforeman/python-amazon-ses-api/blob/master/amazon_ses.py
    """

    def __init__(self, accessKeyID, secretAccessKey, return_path='contact@....'):

        self._accessKeyID = accessKeyID
        self._secretAccessKey = secretAccessKey
        self.ses_return_path = return_path

    def _getSignature(self, dateValue):

        h = hmac.new(key=self._secretAccessKey, msg=dateValue, digestmod=hashlib.sha256)
        return base64.b64encode(h.digest()).decode()

    def _getHeaders(self):

        headers = {'Content-type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded', 'Return-Path': self.ses_return_path}
        d = datetime.utcnow()
        dateValue = d.strftime('%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S GMT')
        headers['Date'] = dateValue
        signature = self._getSignature(dateValue)
        headers['X-Amzn-Authorization'] = 'AWS3-HTTPS AWSAccessKeyId=%s, Algorithm=HMACSHA256, Signature=%s' % (self._accessKeyID, signature)
        return headers

    def _performAction(self, actionName, params=None):

        if not params:
            params = {}
        params['Action'] = actionName

        response = None
        #https://email.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/

        retry = 0  # download error retry
        while retry <= 1:  # dan een eenmalige retry
            try:
                url = 'https://email.us-east-1.amazonaws.com'
                response = urlfetch.fetch(url=url, payload=urllib.urlencode(params), method=urlfetch.POST, headers=self._getHeaders())
                break
            except (urlfetch.DownloadError, DeadlineExceededError), e:
                logging.debug('Amazon SES download or deadline error : %d' % (retry + 1))
                if retry == 0:
                    retry += 1
                    continue  # retry
                else:
                    logging.warning('fetcherror' + str(e))
                    raise  # bij een dubbele fout stoppen

        if response.status_code != 200:
            logging.warning(response.headers)
            logging.warning(response.content)
            raise ValueError('status_code : %s' % (str(response.status_code)))

        logging.debug(response.content)
        return response.content

    def sendRawEmail(self, raw_msg_data):

        return self._performAction("SendRawEmail", params={"RawMessage.Data": base64.b64encode(raw_msg_data)})

下面是一个使用示例：

ses = SES(settings.AMAZON_ACCESS_KEY_ID, settings.AMAZON_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY, settings.SES_RETURN_PATH[country])
raw_msg_data = ses_multi_part(msg_subject=subject.encode('utf-8'), msg_to=mail_to, msg_body=body_text.encode('utf-8'),
                                 msg_bcc=settings.MAIL_BCC, msg_reply_to=reply_to, msg_from=sender, msg_type=msg_type)
ses.sendRawEmail(raw_msg_data)