以管理员身份运行Python脚本

Question

我正在用py2exe写一个安装程序，这个程序需要以管理员身份运行，以便有权限进行各种文件操作。我修改了一些来自py2exe自带的user_access_controls目录里的示例代码来创建安装文件。在我自己的电脑上创建和运行生成的exe文件都没问题。然而，当我尝试在一台没有安装Python的电脑上运行这个exe时，出现了一个错误，提示说导入的模块（在这个例子中是shutil和os）不存在。我原以为py2exe会自动把所有需要的文件依赖打包进exe里，但看来并不是这样。py2exe确实生成了一个叫做library的zip文件，里面包含了所有的Python模块，但显然这些模块并没有被生成的exe使用。基本上，我的问题是如何让py2exe生成的exe包含这些导入的模块。也许需要对我的setup.py文件进行一些修改，以下是这个文件的代码：

from distutils.core import setup
import py2exe

# The targets to build
# create a target that says nothing about UAC - On Python 2.6+, this
# should be identical to "asInvoker" below.  However, for 2.5 and
# earlier it will force the app into compatibility mode (as no
# manifest will exist at all in the target.)
t1 = dict(script="findpath.py",
          dest_base="findpath",
          uac_info="requireAdministrator")
console = [t1]

# hack to make windows copies of them all too, but
# with '_w' on the tail of the executable.
windows = [{'script': "findpath.py",
            'uac_info': "requireAdministrator",
            },]

setup(
    version = "0.5.0",
    description = "py2exe user-access-control",
    name = "py2exe samples",
    # targets to build
    windows = windows,
    console = console,
    )

Answer 1

我帮你把设置脚本重新写了一下。这样就可以用了。

from distutils.core import setup
import py2exe

# The targets to build
# create a target that says nothing about UAC - On Python 2.6+, this
# should be identical to "asInvoker" below.  However, for 2.5 and
# earlier it will force the app into compatibility mode (as no
# manifest will exist at all in the target.)
t1 = dict(script="findpath.py",
          dest_base="findpath",
          uac_info="requireAdministrator")
console = [t1]

# hack to make windows copies of them all too, but
# with '_w' on the tail of the executable.
windows = [{'script': "findpath.py",
            'uac_info': "requireAdministrator",
            },]

setup(
    version = "0.5.0",
    description = "py2exe user-access-control",
    name = "py2exe samples",
    # targets to build
    windows = windows,
    console = console,
    #the options is what you fail to include it will instruct py2exe to include these modules explicitly
    options={"py2exe":
               {"includes": ["sip","os","shutil"]}
              }
    )

Answer 2

试着在设置部分加上 options={'py2exe': {'bundle_files': 1}}, 和 zipfile = None。这样，Python 就会生成一个没有依赖项的单独 .exe 文件。举个例子：

from distutils.core import setup
import py2exe

setup(
    console=['watt.py'],
    options={'py2exe': {'bundle_files': 1}},
    zipfile = None
)