检查字典中的多个值对

Question

有没有办法让这段代码变得更简短呢？

我想要在字典中检查一下，如果 a, b，a-foo, b-foo 或者 a-bar, b-bar 其中任何一个存在，就打印一些东西。这里的 -foo 和 -bar 是固定的值。

有没有一种简洁的方法，可以用一个 if 语句来检查这些呢？

这个字典看起来是这样的：

defaultdict(<class 'set'>, {'key1': {'elem1', 'elem2'}})

if "a" in my_dic["key1"] and "b" in my_dic["key1"]:
    print("Exists")
if "a-foo" in my_dic["key1"] and "b-foo" in my_dic["key1"]:
    print("Exists")
if "a-bar" in my_dic["key1"] and "b-bar" in my_dic["key1"]:
    print("Exists") 

Answer 1

像这样吗？

if (
    ("a" in my_dic["key1"] and "b" in my_dic["key1"])
    or ("a-foo" in my_dic["key1"] and "b-foo" in my_dic["key1"])
    or ("a-bar" in my_dic["key1"] and "b-bar" in my_dic["key1"])
):
    print("Exists")

还有一般情况下：

subsets: list[set[str]] = [{"a", "b"}, {"a-foo", "b-foo"}, {"a-bar", "b-bar"}]
if any(subset.issubset(my_dic["key1"]) for subset in subsets):
    print("Exists")

Answer 2

这个方法可以很好地扩展到N个条目。

valuepairs = (("a", "b"), ("a-foo", "b-foo"), ("a-bar", "b-bar"))
if any(all(key in my_dic["key1"] for key in pair) for pair in valuepairs):
    print("Exists")

你也可以像这样懒惰地生成值对：

roots = ("a", "b")
extensions = ("", "-foo", "-bar")
valuepairs = ((root + extension for root in roots) for extension in extensions)