Python 中的猜测列表

Question

我刚开始学习Python，写了这个代码，但我想显示所有的猜测，并且可能还想知道这些猜测是太高还是太低。关于“responseList”这一部分，我需要一些帮助。谢谢！

    import random, easygui

    secret = random.randint (1, 100)
    guess = 0
    tries = 0

    easygui.msgbox ("""Guess the secret number.
    It is from 1 to 99. You have five tries.  Get Guessin' !""")

    while guess != secret and tries < 5:
        user_response = guess = easygui.integerbox ("C'mon...GUESS!!! ")

        if not guess: break
        if guess <= (secret + 5) and guess > secret:
            easygui.msgbox(str(guess) + " is too HIGH... but you're close!")
        if guess >= (secret - 5) and guess < secret:
            easygui.msgbox(str(guess) + " is too LOW... but you're close!")        
        if guess < (secret - 5):
            easygui.msgbox(str(guess) + " is too LOW... Guess higher")        
        if guess > (secret + 5):
            easygui.msgbox (str(guess) +  " is too HIGH...Guess lower")

        tries = tries + 1

        responseList = [user_response]
        easygui.msgbox (responseList)

    if guess == secret:
        easygui.msgbox ("Darn!  You got it!")

    else:
        easygui.msgbox ("Ha, Ha, Ha!  No more guesses!  To the firin' squad with ya!")
        easygui.msgbox (str(secret) + " was the secret number")

Answer 1

在 while guess != secret and tries < 5: 这个循环之前，先初始化一下 responseList。在这个循环里，你可以往 responseList 里添加元组，元组里包含你猜的数字，以及这个数字是太高还是太低（可以用一个变量，比如 where，来存储值 'HIGH' 或 'LOW'）。然后在这个 while 循环的 外面，用 easygui.msgbox 显示格式化的结果。

responseList = []
while guess...:
    user_response = ...
    if not...
    if guess <=...
        where = 'HIGH'
    if guess >=...
        where = 'LOW'
    if guess <...
        where = 'LOW'
    if guess >...
        where = 'HIGH'


    tries...
    responseList.append((guess, where))

responseString = ', '.join([ '%d (%s)' % (guess, where)
                             for guess, where in responseList])
easygui.msgbox(responseString)

那行包含 responseString 的代码是一个 列表推导式，你可以去了解一下，或者在这里问相关问题。

Answer 2

EasyGUI 不是 Python 自带的工具。你可以在 SourceForge 上下载它，链接是 http://easygui.sourceforge.net/。我第一次安装的时候，只用“setup.py install”就成功了，适用于 Python(x,y) 的安装。为了让你的列表按你想要的方式工作，可以试试这个版本：

import random, easygui

secret = random.randint (1, 100)
guess = 0
tries = 0

easygui.msgbox ("""Guess the secret number.
It is from 1 to 99. You have five tries.  Get Guessin' !""")

responseList = []

while guess != secret and tries < 5:
    user_response = guess = easygui.integerbox ("C'mon...GUESS!!! ")

    if not guess: break
    if guess <= (secret + 5) and guess > secret:
        easygui.msgbox(str(guess) + " is too HIGH... but you're close!")
    if guess >= (secret - 5) and guess < secret:
        easygui.msgbox(str(guess) + " is too LOW... but you're close!")        
    if guess < (secret - 5):
        easygui.msgbox(str(guess) + " is too LOW... Guess higher")        
    if guess > (secret + 5):
        easygui.msgbox (str(guess) +  " is too HIGH...Guess lower")

    tries = tries + 1

    responseList.append(user_response)
    easygui.msgbox (",".join(["%d"%x for x in responseList]))

if guess == secret:
    easygui.msgbox ("Darn!  You got it!")

else:
    easygui.msgbox ("Ha, Ha, Ha!  No more guesses!  To the firin' squad with ya!")
    easygui.msgbox (str(secret) + " was the secret number")

在循环外先把 responseList 初始化为一个列表，然后在循环中把每个数字添加到这个列表里。我还加了一些逗号来分隔你的数字，这样在消息框中显示会更好看哦。;)

Answer 3

我猜你是想让 responseList 里包含所有用户的回复，但你没有这样做。 :)

你需要在开始的时候把 responseList 设为空列表，然后每次新回复进来时用 append 方法把它加进去。

responseList = [user_response] 这样写每次都会把它变成一个只有一个元素的列表，结果你最后只会得到一个只包含最后一次回复的列表。