如何在Python中将IPv4范围（起始和结束）转换为斜杠表示法？

Question

有没有什么脚本可以把一个起始IP地址和一个结束IP地址转换成斜杠表示法？

举个例子：

>>> ip_long = '10.182.71.0-10.182.75.255'
>>> convert_to_slash(ip_long)
10.182.71.0/24, 10.182.72.0/22

Answer 1

还有一种解决方案：

from ipaddress import IPv4Address, summarize_address_range

a=" ".join(map(str, summarize_address_range(IPv4Address('8.8.8.8'), IPv4Address('8.8.9.1'))))

print(a)

Answer 2

Google的ipaddr-py库里有一个叫做summarize_address_range(first, last)的方法。

summarize_address_range(first, last):
"""Summarize a network range given the first and last IP addresses.

Example:
    >>> summarize_address_range(IPv4Address('1.1.1.0'),
        IPv4Address('1.1.1.130'))
    [IPv4Network('1.1.1.0/25'), IPv4Network('1.1.1.128/31'),
    IPv4Network('1.1.1.130/32')]

Args:
    first: the first IPv4Address or IPv6Address in the range.
    last: the last IPv4Address or IPv6Address in the range.

Returns:
    The address range collapsed to a list of IPv4Network's or
    IPv6Network's.

Raise:
    TypeError:
        If the first and last objects are not IP addresses.
        If the first and last objects are not the same version.
    ValueError:
        If the last object is not greater than the first.
        If the version is not 4 or 6.
"""

Answer 3

使用来自 ipaddress 的 summarize_address_range() 函数，这个函数是 Python 3 标准库的一部分（同时也可以在 Python 2 中使用，具体可以查看 这个链接）。

>>> import ipaddress
>>> first = ipaddress.IPv4Address('10.182.71.0')
>>> last = ipaddress.IPv4Address('10.182.75.255')
>>> summary = ipaddress.summarize_address_range(first, last)
>>> list(summary)
[IPv4Network('10.182.71.0/24'), IPv4Network('10.182.72.0/22')]