Python：如何搜索所有文件类型中的文本字符串

Question

我正在尝试写一个程序，这个程序可以在用户指定的文件夹里搜索所有文件（包括文件名和文件内容），查找特定的字符串，然后把这些文件移动到用户指定的新文件夹。

更新：好的，我对我的代码做了一些修改。现在的工作方式是：首先用 os.path.walk() 获取一个文件列表。然后，程序会在这个列表中的每个文件里查找用户指定的字符串。最开始只检查文件名，如果找到匹配的，就把这些文件名放到一个单独的列表里。接下来，我们开始查看文件内容，使用文件扩展名来决定如何通过 win32com.client 打开文件。最后，仍然在原始列表中的文件会被认为是纯文本文件，然后就会打开并进行搜索。

不过，不知道为什么，程序只移动了纯文本文件。如果有人能找出原因，那就太好了。:)

################
#Import required modules
import fileinput
from shutil import move
from os.path import abspath, join, splitext, split
from os import mkdir, walk, remove
import win32com.client

################
#Create lists to hold file names
file_list = list()
file_move_list = list()

#Define file extensions which need to be converted
excel_set = [".xls", ".xlsx", ".xlsm", ".xlsb"]
msword_set = [".doc", ".docx"]

################
#Define functions
def getFileList( searchdirectory ):
    #Get a list of all items in the directory to search
    for (dirpath, dirnames, filenames) in walk( searchdirectory ):
        for path in [ abspath( join( dirpath, filename ) ) for filename in filenames ]:
            file_list.append( path )

def searchFiles( readfilelist, movefilelist, searchstring ):
    #Get plain text from each file and search for searchstring
    for filename in readfilelist:
        ext = splitext( filename )[1]
        #Check filenames
        if searchstring in filename:
            movefilelist.append( filename )
            readfilelist.remove( filename )
        #Check if file is a pdf
        elif ext == ".pdf":
            content = getPDFContent( filename )
            if searchstring in content:
                movefilelist.append( filename )
        #Check if file is a word document
        elif ext in msword_set:
            app = win32com.client.Dispatch('Word.Application') 
            doc = app.Documents.Open( filename ) 
            if searchstring in doc.Content.Text:
                movefilelist.append( filename )
            app.Quit()
        #Check if file is an excel workbook/spreadsheet
        elif ext in excel_set:
            app = win32com.client.Dispatch( 'Excel.Application' )
            fileDir, fileName = split( filename )
            nameOnly = splitext( fileName )
            newName = nameOnly[0] + ".csv"
            outCSV = join( fileDir, newName )
            workbook = app.Workbooks.Open( filename )
            workbook.SaveAs(outCSV, FileFormat=24) # 24 is csv format
            workbook.Close(False)
            for line in open( outCSV, mode='r' ):
                if searchstring in line:
                    movefilelist.append( filename )
            app.Quit()
            remove( outCSV )
        #Assume all other files are plain text
        else:
            for line in open( filename, mode='r' ):
                if searchstring in line:
                    movefilelist.append( filename )
        readfilelist.remove( filename )

def moveFiles( movelist, destinationdirectory ):
    mkdir( destinationdirectory )
    for path in movelist:
        #Move the files to the destination folder
        move( path, destinationdirectory )
    print( 'Done' )

def getPDFContent( filename ):
    content = ""
    pdf = pyPdf.PdfFileReader( file( filename, "rb" ) )
    # Extract text from each page and add to content
    for i in range( 0, pdf.getNumPages() ):
        content += pdf.getPage(i).extractText() + " \n"
    return content

################
#Run as main
if __name__=='__main__':
    search_directory = input( 'Enter the path of the directory you wish to search through: ' )
    search_string = input( 'Enter the search term: ' )
    destination_directory = input( 'Enter the name of the new directory which will contain the moved files: ' )
    getFileList( search_directory )
    searchFiles( file_list, file_move_list, search_string )
    moveFiles( file_move_list, destination_directory )

任何帮助都非常感谢。（顺便说一下，我使用的是 Python 3.2.1）

文本处理文件搜索 os模块字符串匹配代码调试文件管理文件扩展名 win32com

Python：如何搜索所有文件类型中的文本字符串

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