访问.txt文件中的日期并与今天日期比对

Question

请原谅我，如果这看起来是个简单的解决办法，我刚开始学习编程，非常感谢你们的帮助。

我想要获取到截止日期（下面列表中的第3个元素），并和今天的日期进行对比，看看这个任务是否已经过期。

这个列表存放在一个文件里（tasks.txt）：内容是这样读的 - 用户、任务、分配给谁；需要做什么；任务描述；截止日期；任务添加时间；任务是否完成。

sam;needs doing;now;2004-04-12;2024-03-05;No
sam;please do;gym;2024-05-20;2024-03-05;No
admin;do;sd;2004-12-12;2024-03-05;No
dam;dam;dam;2024-12-12;2024-03-05;No

到目前为止，我写的代码是：

elif menu == 'gr':
            
    # creating dictionary with values for task_overview file
    stat_dict_task_overview = {
        "Tasks": 0,
        "Completed": 0,
        "Uncompleted": 0,
        "Overdue": 0,
        "Percentage Incomplete": 0,
        "Percentage Overdue": 0
    }
    
    # creating dictionary with values for user_overview file
    stat_dict_user_overview = {
        "Users": 0,
        "Tasks": 0,
        "Name": 0,
    }
    
     # open tasks.txt as read
    tasks = open("tasks.txt", "r")
    
    # Split contents task.txt by ';'
    for count, line in enumerate(tasks):
        split_by_semi = line.split(';')           
        
        # unpack elements in task.txt into corresponding variables
        user = split_by_semi[0]
        how_many_tasks = split_by_semi[1]
        description_task = split_by_semi[2]
        due_date = split_by_semi[3]
        date_added = split_by_semi[4] 
        completed = split_by_semi[5]
        
    # Add 1 to "Tasks" for each line   
    stat_dict_task_overview["Tasks"] += count + 1
    
    # Add 1 to "Completed if "Yes" 
    if[5] == "Yes": 
        stat_dict_task_overview["Completed"] += count + 1
    # Else add 1 to "Uncompleted"
    else: 
        stat_dict_task_overview["Uncompleted"] += count + 1

    # Code stuck on needs to check todays date against due date and add 1 if overdue      
    if[3] < datetime.today().date():
        stat_dict_task_overview["Overdue"] += count + 1
    
    # Print results for my ongoing review
    print(stat_dict_task_overview)

Answer 1

我觉得你的代码有几个问题。

首先，语法 if [5] == 'Yes': 永远会返回 False，因为你在比较一个字符串（'Yes'）和一个列表（[5]）。

其次，如果你在循环中使用你定义的变量，你只会得到文件的最后一行。

第三，更麻烦的是，你使用的那一行可能需要去掉末尾的换行符。

第四，你的代码逻辑不是很清晰：如果你想用字典来计数，增加的方式应该是 += 1，而不是 += count + 1。

最后，关于日期比较的问题，你应该使用这段代码：

due_date_datetime = datetime.datetime.strptime(due_date, "%Y-%m-%d")
if due_date_datetime < datetime.datetime.today():
    stat_dict_task_overview["Overdue"] += count + 1

但可能你的整个代码应该是：

import datetime

# creating dictionary with values for task_overview file
stat_dict_task_overview = {
    "Tasks": 0,
    "Completed": 0,
    "Uncompleted": 0,
    "Overdue": 0,
    "Percentage Incomplete": 0,
    "Percentage Overdue": 0,
}

# creating dictionary with values for user_overview file
stat_dict_user_overview = {
    "Users": 0,
    "Tasks": 0,
    "Name": 0,
}


# open tasks.txt as read
tasks = open("tasks.txt", "r")

# Split contents task.txt by ';'
for count, line in enumerate(tasks):
    # first strip the line to remove trailing `\n`, then split:
    split_by_semi = line.strip().split(";")

    # unpack elements in task.txt into corresponding variables
    user = split_by_semi[0]
    how_many_tasks = split_by_semi[1]
    description_task = split_by_semi[2]
    due_date = split_by_semi[3]
    date_added = split_by_semi[4]
    completed = split_by_semi[5]

    # following lines should be inside the loop, so that you can update
    # the dict line by line
    # Add 1 to "Tasks" for each line
    stat_dict_task_overview["Tasks"] += 1

    # Add 1 to "Completed if "Yes"
    if completed == "Yes":
        stat_dict_task_overview["Completed"] += 1
    # Else add 1 to "Uncompleted"
    else:
        stat_dict_task_overview["Uncompleted"] += 1

    # Code stuck on needs to check todays date against due date and add 1 if overdue
    # converting to datetime object
    due_date_datetime = datetime.datetime.strptime(due_date, "%Y-%m-%d")
    # comparing between datetime objects
    if due_date_datetime < datetime.datetime.today():
        stat_dict_task_overview["Overdue"] += 1

# Print results for my ongoing review
print(stat_dict_task_overview)