Django模型 - 导入问题
我把我的模型文件整理成了一个模块,这样维护代码就容易多了,因为代码量已经增长得很大了。
有趣的是,其中有一个类引用了另一个类,而那个类又反过来引用了第一个类,这样就出现了问题:
更新:这种循环引用让Python感到困惑,这就是问题的根源。当你只在模型定义中引用其他模型时,这个问题很容易解决。然而,Picture类有一些方法引用了paperType类,反过来也一样——这个问题该怎么解决呢?
这是Picture类的代码:
from django.db import models
from django.utils import simplejson
from picviewer.models import Collection, ImageSizeRatio, printSize
class Picture(models.Model):
name = models.TextField(null=False,blank=False,unique=False)
collection = models.ForeignKey(Collection)
popularity = models.IntegerField(default=0,unique=False)
isPurchasable = models.BooleanField(default=False)
allowBuyExclusive = models.BooleanField(default=False)
basePrice = models.DecimalField(decimal_places=2,max_digits=8)
imageSizeRatio = models.ForeignKey(ImageSizeRatio)
imageThumbnail = models.FileField(upload_to='pictures')
imagePreview = models.FileField(upload_to='pictures')
imageSmall = models.FileField(upload_to='pictures')
imageNormal = models.FileField(upload_to='pictures')
imageLarge = models.FileField(upload_to='pictures')
imageHuge = models.FileField(upload_to='pictures')
allowedPrintSize = models.ManyToManyField(printSize)
这是它引用的printSize类,你可以看到它调用了Picture的一些函数来处理指定printSize的图片:
from django.db import models
from picviewer.models import paperType
from picviewer.models import Picture
class printSize (models.Model):
name = models.CharField(null=False,blank=False,unique=True,max_length=60)
width = models.IntegerField(null=False,blank=False)
height = models.IntegerField(null=False,blank=False)
allowedPaperType = models.ManyToManyField(paperType)
#isActive = models.NullBooleanField(null=True, default=None)
def json(self, picture_id, base_price):
sizes_selector = printSize.objects.filter(picture__id = picture_id)
sizes = list()
for size in sizes_selector:
papers = list()
for paper in size.allowedPaperType.all():
cost_for_paper = Picture.objects.get(id=picture_id).calculatePrice(paper.id,size.id)
p = dict(id = paper.id,
name = paper.name,
description = paper.description,
price = paper.pricePerSqMeter.__str__(),
cost = "%.2f" % cost_for_paper)
papers.append(p)
s = dict(id = size.id,
name = size.name,
width = size.width,
height = size.height,
allowedPapers = papers)
sizes.append(s)
return sizes
现在我在尝试导入Picture时,在命令行中得到了这个错误:
>>> from picviewer.models import Picture
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<console>", line 1, in <module>
File "D:\~Sasha\eclipse_workspace\zavalen\picviewer\models\Picture.py", line 4, in <module>
from picviewer.models import Collection, ImageSizeRatio, printSize
File "D:\~Sasha\eclipse_workspace\zavalen\picviewer\models\printSize.py", line 4, in <module>
from picviewer.models import Picture
ImportError: cannot import name Picture
>>>
我能解决这个问题吗? :)
1 个回答
30
为了避免循环导入的问题,可以把外键模型指定为字符串,比如:
collection = models.ForeignKey('Collection') # Collection is in the same module
或者
collection = models.ForeignKey('myapp.Collection') # Collection is in another app