使用Python生成XML输出文件

Question

我的输入数据保存在一个csv文件里，我需要根据这个文件里的数据生成一个xml输出文件。我正在尝试用python来实现这个需求。我试过下面的代码，但没有得到想要的结果。

输入数据（Input.csv文件）：

CustID,CardNo
A00001,C000000001  
A00001,C000000002  
A00002,C000000003  

我尝试过下面的代码：

import csv
import io
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
from collections import defaultdict

def generate_xml(input_file, output_file):

    # Read input data from the file
    with open(input_file, 'r') as file:
        input_data = file.readlines()

    cards_per_custid = defaultdict(list)
    for line in csv.DictReader(input_data):
        cards_per_custid[line["CustID"]].append(line["CardNo"])

    root = ET.Element(
    "ReceivableAccounting",
    attrib={"xmlns": "http://www.sample.com/testing"},
    )
    for cust_id, cards in sorted(cards_per_custid.items()):
        card_el = ET.SubElement(root, "Card")
        header = ET.SubElement(card_el, "CustHolderHeader")
        ET.SubElement(header, "CustID").text = cust_id
    for card_no in cards:
        line = ET.SubElement(card_el, "CardLine")
        ET.SubElement(line, "CardDetail").text = card_no

    tree = ET.ElementTree(root)
    ET.indent(tree)
    tree.write(output_file)

# Example usage:
input_file = "Input.csv"
output_file = "output.xml"
generate_xml(input_file, output_file)

生成了以下结果：

<ReceivableAccounting xmlns="http://www.sample.com/testing">
  <Card>
    <CustHolderHeader>
      <CustID>A00001</CustID>
    </CustHolderHeader>
  </Card>
  <Card>
    <CustHolderHeader>
      <CustID>A00003</CustID>
    </CustHolderHeader>
    <CardLine>
      <CardDetail>C000000003</CardDetail>
    </CardLine>
  </Card>

期望得到以下结果：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<ReceivableAccounting xmlns=http://www.sample.com/testing>
  <Card>
     <CustHolderHeader>
        <CustID>A00001</CustID>
     </CustHolderHeader>
     <CardLine>
        <CardDetail>C000000001</CardDetail>
     </CardLine>
       <CardLine>
        <CardDetail>C000000002</CardDetail>
     </CardLine> 
  </Card>
  <Card>
     <CustHolderHeader>
        <CustID>A00002</CustID>
     </CustHolderHeader>
     <CardLine>
        <CardDetail>C000000003</CardDetail>
     </CardLine>  
     </Card>

Answer 1

没问题。

我把你的示例数据放进了一个 io.StringIO() 里，不过你也可以直接用一个打开的文件来替代。需要注意的是，我这里处理 xmlns 的方式并不是完全正确，但对于你的示例来说是有效的。

import csv
import io
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
from collections import defaultdict

input_file = io.StringIO(
    """
CustID,CardNo
A00001,C000000001
A00001,C000000002
A00002,C000000003
""".strip()
)

cards_per_custid = defaultdict(list)
for line in csv.DictReader(input_file):
    cards_per_custid[line["CustID"]].append(line["CardNo"])

root = ET.Element(
    "ReceivableAccounting",
    attrib={"xmlns": "http://www.sample.com/testing"},
)
for cust_id, cards in sorted(cards_per_custid.items()):
    card_el = ET.SubElement(root, "Card")
    header = ET.SubElement(card_el, "CustHolderHeader")
    ET.SubElement(header, "CustID").text = cust_id
    for card_no in cards:
        line = ET.SubElement(card_el, "CardLine")
        ET.SubElement(line, "CardDetail").text = card_no

tree = ET.ElementTree(root)
ET.indent(tree)

print(ET.tostring(root, encoding="unicode"))

这段代码会输出

<ReceivableAccounting xmlns="http://www.sample.com/testing">
  <Card>
    <CustHolderHeader>
      <CustID>A00001</CustID>
    </CustHolderHeader>
    <CardLine>
      <CardDetail>C000000001</CardDetail>
    </CardLine>
    <CardLine>
      <CardDetail>C000000002</CardDetail>
    </CardLine>
  </Card>
  <Card>
    <CustHolderHeader>
      <CustID>A00002</CustID>
    </CustHolderHeader>
    <CardLine>
      <CardDetail>C000000003</CardDetail>
    </CardLine>
  </Card>
</ReceivableAccounting>