Django出于某种原因不想导入某个特定模型
我有一个Django模型,我在里面导入了一些项目:
from django.db import models
from mcif.models.import_profile import ImportProfile
from mcif.models.import_file import ImportFile
from mcif.models.import_bundle import ImportBundle
from mcif.models.customer import Customer
#from mcif.models.account_import import AccountImport
from mcif.models.csv_row import CSVRow
import csv, cStringIO
这个部分运行得很好,但当我把那行注释去掉时,就出现了这个问题:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "./manage.py", line 11, in <module>
execute_manager(settings)
File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 438, in execute_manager
utility.execute()
File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 379, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/django/core/management/base.py", line 191, in run_from_argv
self.execute(*args, **options.__dict__)
File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/django/core/management/base.py", line 220, in execute
output = self.handle(*args, **options)
File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/django/core/management/base.py", line 351, in handle
return self.handle_noargs(**options)
File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/django/core/management/commands/shell.py", line 18, in handle_noargs
loaded_models = get_models()
File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/django/db/models/loading.py", line 167, in get_models
self._populate()
File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/django/db/models/loading.py", line 64, in _populate
self.load_app(app_name)
File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/django/db/models/loading.py", line 78, in load_app
models = import_module('.models', app_name)
File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/django/utils/importlib.py", line 35, in import_module
__import__(name)
File "/home/jason/projects/mcifdjango/mcif/models/__init__.py", line 5, in <module>
from mcif.models.account_import import AccountImport
File "/home/jason/projects/mcifdjango/mcif/models/account_import.py", line 2, in <module>
from mcif.models.generic_import import GenericImport
File "/home/jason/projects/mcifdjango/mcif/models/generic_import.py", line 6, in <module>
from mcif.models.account_import import AccountImport
ImportError: cannot import name AccountImport
为什么Django对这个特定的文件不喜欢呢?
(我可以在控制台上单独加载AccountImport
,没有问题。)
另外,这里是AccountImport
的内容,如果有帮助的话:
from django.db import models
from mcif.models.generic_import import GenericImport
class AccountImport(models.Model):
id = models.BigIntegerField(primary_key=True)
generic_import = models.ForeignKey(GenericImport)
is_entirely_international = models.IntegerField()
is_queued = models.IntegerField()
created_at = models.DateTimeField()
updated_at = models.DateTimeField()
class Meta:
db_table = u'account_import'
app_name = 'mcif'
还有GenericImport
:
from django.db import models
from mcif.models.import_profile import ImportProfile
from mcif.models.import_file import ImportFile
from mcif.models.import_bundle import ImportBundle
from mcif.models.customer import Customer
from mcif.models.csv_row import CSVRow
import csv, cStringIO
class GenericImport(models.Model):
class Meta:
db_table = u'generic_import'
app_name = 'mcif'
id = models.BigIntegerField(primary_key=True)
import_profile = models.ForeignKey(ImportProfile)
import_file = models.ForeignKey(ImportFile)
notes = models.TextField()
start_time = models.DateTimeField()
end_time = models.DateTimeField()
active = models.IntegerField()
created_at = models.DateTimeField()
updated_at = models.DateTimeField()
unsavable_rows = models.TextField()
import_bundle = models.ForeignKey(ImportBundle)
is_queued = models.IntegerField()
@classmethod
def last(cls):
all = GenericImport.objects.all()
return all[len(all) - 1]
def process(self):
for line in self.import_file.file.split("\n")[:30]:
f = cStringIO.StringIO(line)
row = CSVRow()
row.array = next(csv.reader(f))
row.generic_import = self
row.process()
f.close()
def specific_import(self):
for model_name in ['TransactionImport', 'AccountImport']:
specific_imports = eval(model_name + '.objects.filter(generic_import__pk=5)')
if len(specific_imports) > 0:
return specific_imports[0]
return False
3 个回答
看起来你遇到了一个循环导入的问题。
File "/home/jason/projects/mcifdjango/mcif/models/__init__.py", line 5, in <module>
from mcif.models.account_import import AccountImport
File "/home/jason/projects/mcifdjango/mcif/models/account_import.py", line 2, in <module>
from mcif.models.generic_import import GenericImport
File "/home/jason/projects/mcifdjango/mcif/models/generic_import.py", line 6, in <module>
from mcif.models.account_import import AccountImport
你的 __init__.py
文件导入了 AccountImport
,然后 AccountImport
又导入了 GenericImport
,接着 GenericImport
又回过头来导入 AccountImport
。老实说,我不太明白这样导入到底是怎么工作的。
你的 GenericImport
真的需要导入 AccountImport
吗?这看起来像是层级结构出了问题。
编辑: (关于更新的内容)
def specific_import(self):
for model_name in ['TransactionImport', 'AccountImport']:
specific_imports = eval(model_name + '.objects.filter(generic_import__pk=5)')
if len(specific_imports) > 0:
return specific_imports[0]
return False
那行 eval
看起来是个坏习惯。这里肯定有比这个更好的写法。你的通用类不应该对具体的实现有任何了解或依赖,更不用说 eval
在实际代码中几乎没有用武之地。
这是一个循环模型依赖的问题。
File "/home/jason/projects/mcifdjango/mcif/models/__init__.py", line 5, in <module>
from mcif.models.account_import import AccountImport
File "/home/jason/projects/mcifdjango/mcif/models/account_import.py", line 2, in <module>
from mcif.models.generic_import import GenericImport
File "/home/jason/projects/mcifdjango/mcif/models/generic_import.py", line 6, in <module>
from mcif.models.account_import import AccountImport
ImportError: cannot import name AccountImport
如果你真的需要把这些模型分开,可以看看这个链接:http://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.2/ref/models/fields/#django.db.models.ForeignKey,里面有解决方案。你可以用字符串来引用模型,而不是直接导入它。
class Car(models.Model):
manufacturer = models.ForeignKey('production.Manufacturer')
将使用来自production
模块的Manufacturer
模型作为外键的目标。
你遇到了一个循环导入的问题——mcif.models.generic_import
和mcif.models.account_import
这两个文件正在互相导入对方。
要记住,Python和Java不一样,Python很乐意把多个类放在一个文件里,特别是当这些类之间关系很紧密的时候。你可以把这两个类都放在一个mcif.models
文件里。