在Geopandas和Altair中解决翻转图和投影问题
我正在尝试使用一些来自ONS的数据来绘制伦敦的多层地图。
import geopandas as gpd
from shapely import wkt
# Convert the 'geometry' column to shapely geometry objects
london_wards_shp['geometry'] = london_wards_shp['geometry'].apply(wkt.loads)
london_wards_gpd = gpd.GeoDataFrame(london_wards_shp, geometry='geometry')
london_wards_gpd = london_wards_gpd.set_crs(epsg=4326)
london_wards_gpd.plot()
但是出现了一个错误:
ValueError: aspect must be finite and positive
我找到了绘图的解决方案:
london_wards_gpd.plot(aspect=1)
但接着我想用altair来叠加多个图层,其中一个是整个图层的地图。
> london_wards_map = alt.Chart(london_wards_gpd).mark_geoshape(
> fill=None, # No fill
> stroke='darkgray', # Black stroke
> strokeWidth=1 # Stroke width ).encode(
> tooltip='NAME:N' # Replace 'NAME' with the actual name of the column that contains the ward names ).properties(
> width=800,
> height=600 ).project(
> type='identity' )
>
> hackney_wards = london_wards_gpd[london_wards_gpd['DISTRICT']
> =='Hackney']
> #hackney_wards = gpd.GeoDataFrame(hackney_wards, geometry='geometry') # Convert DataFrame to GeoDataFrame
> #hackney_wards = hackney_wards.set_crs(epsg=4326) hackney_layer = alt.Chart(hackney_wards).mark_geoshape(
> fill='lightgray', # No fill
> stroke='darkgray', # Black stroke
> strokeWidth=1 # Stroke width ).encode(
> tooltip='NAME:N' # Replace 'NAME' with the actual name of the column that contains the ward names ).properties(
> width=800,
> height=600 ).project(
> type='identity' )
london_wards_map + hackney_layer
那么为什么它是倒过来的呢?
我不太确定如何诊断这个投影问题。
2 个回答
0
我找到了第一个问题的答案。翻转数据框可以这样做:
定义一个函数来翻转y坐标
def flip_geom(geom):
geom_type = geom.geom_type
if geom_type == 'Polygon':
geom = transform(lambda x, y, z=None: (x, -y), geom)
elif geom_type == 'MultiPolygon':
geom = transform(lambda x, y, z=None: (x, -y), geom)
else:
raise ValueError('Unhandled geometry type: ' + repr(geom_type))
return geom
2
请查看文档,了解如何在笛卡尔坐标系中绘图:https://altair-viz.github.io/user_guide/marks/geoshape.html#cartesian-coordinates。
alt.Chart(gdf).mark_geoshape().project(
type='identity',
reflectY=True
)
输入的几何形状没有经过投影,而是直接使用原始坐标进行绘制,采用的是identity
这种投影类型。你还需要定义reflectY
,因为在Canvas和SVG中,正的y
方向是向下的。