Python中的LDAP查询

Question

我想在ldap中执行以下查询

ldapsearch -h hostname -b dc=ernet,dc=in -x "(&(uid=w2lame)(objectClass=posixAccount))" gidnumber
ldapsearch -h hostname -b dc=ernet,dc=in -x "(&(gidNumber=1234)(objectClass=posixGroup))" cn

然后使用这样得到的变量。我该怎么做呢？

Answer 1

这里有一个关于python-ldap的示例生成器。

ldap_server是你通过ldap.initialize()得到的对象。根据你使用的LDAP服务器和你想查询的内容，你可能需要先进行绑定，然后才能调用这个函数。base_dn和filter_的用法和你在命令行中使用的类似。limit是返回记录的最大数量。

def _ldap_list(ldap_server, base_dn, filter_, limit=0):
    """ Generator: get a list of search results from LDAP asynchronously. """

    ldap_attributes = ["*"] # List of attributes that you want to fetch.
    result_id = ldap_server.search(base_dn, ldap.SCOPE_SUBTREE, filter_, ldap_attributes)
    records = 0

    while 1:
        records += 1

        if limit != 0 and records > limit:
            break

        try:
            result_type, result_data = ldap_server.result(result_id, 0)
        except ldap.NO_SUCH_OBJECT:
            raise DirectoryError("Distinguished name (%s) does not exist." % base_dn)

        if result_type == ldap.RES_SEARCH_ENTRY:
            dn = result_data[0][0]
            data = result_data[0][1]
            yield dn, data
        else:
            break

请记住，把用户提供的值直接放进你的LDAP查询中是很危险的！ 这是一种注入攻击，恶意用户可以利用它来改变查询的含义。详细信息请查看：http://www.python-ldap.org/doc/html/ldap-filter.html

Answer 2

虽然被接受的答案确实展示了如何正确地连接到LDAP服务器，但我觉得它没有全面地回答这个问题。下面是我最终实现的代码，用来获取用户的邮箱和部门。这段代码结合了原问题中需要的属性。

l = ldap.initialize('ldap://ldap.myserver.com:389')
binddn = "cn=myUserName,ou=GenericID,dc=my,dc=company,dc=com"
pw = "myPassword"
basedn = "ou=UserUnits,dc=my,dc=company,dc=com"
searchFilter = "(&(gidNumber=123456)(objectClass=posixAccount))"
searchAttribute = ["mail","department"]
#this will scope the entire subtree under UserUnits
searchScope = ldap.SCOPE_SUBTREE
#Bind to the server
try:
    l.protocol_version = ldap.VERSION3
    l.simple_bind_s(binddn, pw) 
except ldap.INVALID_CREDENTIALS:
  print "Your username or password is incorrect."
  sys.exit(0)
except ldap.LDAPError, e:
  if type(e.message) == dict and e.message.has_key('desc'):
      print e.message['desc']
  else: 
      print e
  sys.exit(0)
try:    
    ldap_result_id = l.search(basedn, searchScope, searchFilter, searchAttribute)
    result_set = []
    while 1:
        result_type, result_data = l.result(ldap_result_id, 0)
        if (result_data == []):
            break
        else:
            ## if you are expecting multiple results you can append them
            ## otherwise you can just wait until the initial result and break out
            if result_type == ldap.RES_SEARCH_ENTRY:
                result_set.append(result_data)
    print result_set
except ldap.LDAPError, e:
    print e
l.unbind_s()

Answer 3

你可能想使用ldap这个模块。代码大概会像这样：

import ldap
l = ldap.initialize('ldap://ldapserver')
username = "uid=%s,ou=People,dc=mydotcom,dc=com" % username
password = "my password"
try:
    l.protocol_version = ldap.VERSION3
    l.simple_bind_s(username, password)
    valid = True
except Exception, error:
    print error