在Python中将XML写入CSV时的编码错误

Question

我正在尝试把一个XML文件转换成CSV格式，但这个XML文件的编码是"ISO-8859-1"，里面似乎有一些字符不在Python用来写行的ascii编码里。

我遇到了这个错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "convert_folder_to_csv_PLAYER.py", line 139, in <module>
    xml2csv_PLAYER(filename)
  File "convert_folder_to_csv_PLAYER.py", line 121, in xml2csv_PLAYER
    fout.writerow(row)
UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode character u'\xe1' in position 4: ordinal not in range(128)

我试着这样打开文件：

dom1 = parse(input_filename.encode( "utf-8" ) )

我还试着在写入每一行之前替换掉\xE1这个字符。有没有什么建议？

Answer 1

XML解析器返回的是unicode对象。这其实是个好事。不过，csv模块处理不了这些对象。

你可以在把XML解析器返回的每个unicode字符串交给csv写入器之前，先对它们进行编码，但更好的办法是使用这个来自csv模块官方文档的csv UnicodeWriter示例：

import csv, codecs, cStringIO

class UnicodeWriter:
    """
    A CSV writer which will write rows to CSV file "f",
    which is encoded in the given encoding.
    """

    def __init__(self, f, dialect=csv.excel, encoding="utf-8", **kwds):
        # Redirect output to a queue
        self.queue = cStringIO.StringIO()
        self.writer = csv.writer(self.queue, dialect=dialect, **kwds)
        self.stream = f
        self.encoder = codecs.getincrementalencoder(encoding)()

    def writerow(self, row):
        self.writer.writerow([s.encode("utf-8") for s in row])
        # Fetch UTF-8 output from the queue ...
        data = self.queue.getvalue()
        data = data.decode("utf-8")
        # ... and reencode it into the target encoding
        data = self.encoder.encode(data)
        # write to the target stream
        self.stream.write(data)
        # empty queue
        self.queue.truncate(0)

    def writerows(self, rows):
        for row in rows:
            self.writerow(row)