Python/Tkinter：如何在阿拉伯语/希伯来语等RTL语言中使用Tkinter？

Question

可以用Tkinter来制作阿拉伯语或希伯来语这样的从右到左的语言的用户界面吗？我试着在网上搜索“tkinter rtl”，结果让我有点失望。Tk wiki上说现在没有双向文本支持。

有没有人在为阿拉伯语或希伯来语的环境开发Tkinter应用程序呢？

Answer 1

试着把输入框或其他元素的字体设置为“jameel noori nastaleeq”或者其他的乌尔都字体。

Answer 2

这可能并不能完全解决问题，但我觉得它能解决我看到的主要问题，就是显示方面的问题。

基本上，你需要两样东西来反转字符的顺序，并让它们连接在一起。我使用了这个重塑工具，它在处理没有音标的简单单词时效果很好，比如الحركات，但在某些情况下还是有点问题。

Answer 3

我知道这个问题有点老，但我昨天刚开始用Tkinter来开发一个希伯来语的Python应用。这个框架本身不支持从右到左的文本（也就是双向文本），不过经过一些谷歌搜索和研究，我找到了一种方法，通过键绑定和强制移动光标来模拟这个效果。我的输入框默认是左对齐的，这样希伯来语的文本大致和同一个框里的英文文本在同一位置，但这个方法可以很容易地调整成右对齐的样式。（或者，右对齐可能会让事情变得更简单。）不管怎样，下面是我做的事情。

基本上，你在这里做的就是手动控制光标的位置，使用回调函数、字符代码和索引常量。同时，你还得考虑到方向键（我的方向键是按照它们指向的方向移动的。我一直不喜欢RTL模式下方向键的反转。不过，如果你喜欢的话，这个是可以轻松修改的。）退格键和删除键也需要手动调整光标位置。当然，如果你手动跟踪光标位置的话，当用户用鼠标移动光标时，你也得更新你的跟踪变量。下面是我的代码，使用全局变量是为了让解释简单一些。

             # Here, the necessary bindings.  We're going to 
             # have to make modifications on key press, release,
             # and on a completed mouse click.
             entryWidget.bind("<KeyPress>", rtlPress)
             entryWidget.bind("<KeyRelease>", rtlRelease)
             entryWidget.bind("<ButtonRelease>", rtlMouse)

接下来是三个回调函数，它们负责光标的跟踪和重新定位。

#With the following functions, keep in mind that we only want the cursor to move RIGHT
#(increase in index) in response to a right arrow press or a DEL.  Essentially, we are
#compensating for any movement but these explicit conditions.  Since the indexing of the 
#cursor position is LTR, holding it in its current position 
#while we append more text is 
#tantamount to moving it right.

#On key release, if an arrow key has been invoked, we update our tracking variable to 
#reflect the new cursor position.  If any other key was pressed, we snap the cursor back 
#to where it was prior to the keypress to prevent it from moving right and cause the
#next letter to be appended on the left side of the previous letter.

def rtlRelease(event):
        global hebCursorPos
        if event.keycode==114 or event.keycode==113:
               hebCursorPos=event.widget.index(INSERT)
        else:
               event.widget.icursor(hebCursorPos)
        print(str(event.keycode)+" "+str(hebCursorPos))

#On keypress, we must compensate for the natural LTR behavior of backspace(22) and
#del(119)

def rtlPress(event):
        global hebCursorPos
        #In LTR text entry, a backspace naturally removes the character to the left of
        #the cursor.
        if event.keycode==22:
               length =  len(event.widget.get())
               #In RTL, the right edge is the beginning of the string, so backspace
               #should do nothing.
               #If we're at the right edge of the string, we insert a meaningless
               #character to be deleted so that it appears to the user as if we have 
               #done nothing.
    if hebCursorPos==length:
                       event.widget.insert(hebCursorPos, " ")
               #In order to cause the backspace to delete the character to the right
               #rather than the left of the cursor from the user's perspective, we step 
               #the cursor forward one.  This will cause the backspace to delete the 
               #character to the left of the new cursor position, which will be the
               #character that was to the right of the cursor from the user's 
               #perspective.  If we were at the right end of the line, we insert a space 
               #and delete it milliseconds later.  We do not need to update the cursor's 
               #position, in the tracking variable, because after the character is 
               #deleted, it is back at the index from which it started, counting index
               #from an LTR perspective.
               event.widget.icursor(hebCursorPos+1)
        else:
               #Del is more of the same.  It deletes the character to the right of the
               #cursor, but we want it to delete the character to the right.
               if event.keycode==119:
               #If we're at the left edge of the string, insert a meaningless character
               #for the del to delete, so that from the user's perspective it does 
               #nothing.
                        if hebCursorPos==0:
                               event.widget.insert(hebCursorPos, " ")
                        #Otherwise, we will be stepping the cursor one to the left, so 
                        #that when it deletes the character to its new right, it will be 
                        #deleting the character from what the user thinks is its left.  
                        #Because we are deleting a character from the left of the cursor 
                        #from the user's perspective, there will be fewer characters to 
                        #the left of the cursor once the operation is complete.  As 
                        #cursor positioning is tracked as an LTR index, we must update
                        #our tracking variable.
                        else:
                                hebCursorPos-=1
                #Now, we snap our cursor to the position of our tracking variable.  
                #Either we are preventing it from drifting right due to overlapping 
                #keypresses, or we are repositioning it to maintain the correct index 
                #after a del.
                event.widget.icursor(hebCursorPos)

#Simply put, if the user repositions the cursor with the mouse, track it.
def rtlMouse(event):
         global hebCursorPos
         hebCursorPos=event.widget.index(INSERT)

希望这对你有帮助！由于是通过强制移动光标来实现的，所以在输入时光标会有一点小抖动，但文本的顺序看起来是正确的，而且当用户没有按键时，光标似乎总是指向正确的位置。不过，我并不保证代码是完美的！