需要仅返回目录名称的代码

Question

我是一名Python新手，最近得到了一段脚本，这段脚本可以让用户输入一个文件夹的路径，里面存放着一些shapefile文件（比如：c:\programfiles\shapefiles）。然后，它会在每个shapefile里创建一个字段，并把用户输入的文件夹路径和shapefile的名字加进去（比如：c:\programfiles\shapefiles\name.shp）。我想把这个字段填充为仅仅是文件夹的名字（比如：shapefiles）。我知道有一个命令可以分割文件夹的名字，但我该如何把这个名字作为一个函数返回呢？提前谢谢大家。

import sys, string, os, arcgisscripting
gp = arcgisscripting.create()

# this is the directory user must specify
gp.workspace = sys.argv[1]
# declare the given workspace so we can use it in the update field process
direct = gp.workspace
try:
    fcs = gp.ListFeatureClasses("*", "all")
    fcs.reset()
    fc = fcs.Next()


    while fc:
        fields = gp.ListFields(fc, "Airport")
        field_found = fields.Next()
        # check if the field allready exist.
        if field_found:
            gp.AddMessage("Field %s found in %s and i am going to delete it" % ("Airport", fc))
            # delete the "SHP_DIR" field
            gp.DeleteField_management(fc, "Airport")
            gp.AddMessage("Field %s deleted from %s" % ("Airport", fc))
            # add it back
            gp.AddField_management (fc, "Airport", "text", "", "", "50")
            gp.AddMessage("Field %s added to %s" % ("Airport", fc))
            # calculate the field passing the directory and the filename
            gp.CalculateField_management (fc, "Airport", '"' + direct + '\\' + fc + '"')
            fc = fcs.Next()


        else:
            gp.addMessage(" layer %s has been found and there is no Airport" % (fc))
        # Create the new field
            gp.AddField_management (fc, "Airport", "text", "", "", "50")
            gp.AddMessage("Field %s added to %s" % ("Airport", fc))

        # Apply the directory and filename to all entries       
            gp.CalculateField_management (fc, "Airport", '"' + direct + '\\' + fc + '"')
            fc = fcs.Next()
        gp.AddMessage("field has been added successfully")
        # Remove directory

except:
 mes = gp.GetMessages ()
 gp.AddMessage(mes)

Answer 1

import os    

def getparentdirname(path):
    if os.path.isfile(path):
        dirname = os.path.dirname(path)
        return os.path.basename(dirname[0:-1] if dirname.endswith("\\") else dirname)
    else:
        return os.path.basename(path[0:-1] if dirname.endswith("\\") else path)

这样做应该可以解决问题——不过这需要你电脑上有那个路径（这样os.path.isfile才能检查这个路径是不是一个文件或文件夹）。

Answer 2

相关函数：http://docs.python.org/library/os.path.html

如果有的话，获取包含父路径的目录名：

os.path.dirname(your_full_filename)

获取包含绝对父路径的目录名：

os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(your_full_filename))

仅获取目录名：

os.path.split(os.path.dirname(your_full_filename))[-1]