错误：找不到满足pip要求的版本（可用版本：无）

Question

我在CentOS上安装pip时遇到了问题，使用的是Python 3.10.0版本。我尝试通过运行get-pip.py这个脚本来安装pip。但是在这个过程中，我遇到了与SSL模块相关的错误，导致安装没有成功。

为了继续安装，我使用了以下命令来下载get-pip.py文件：

wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/pip/get-pip.py

当我运行命令python get-pip.py时，出现了以下错误：

[root@env lak]# python get-pip.py
WARNING: pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not available.
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/pip/
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=3, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/pip/
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=2, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/pip/
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=1, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/pip/
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=0, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/pip/
Could not fetch URL https://pypi.org/simple/pip/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /simple/pip/ (Caused by SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")) - skipping
ERROR: Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement pip (from versions: none)
ERROR: No matching distribution found for pip
WARNING: pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not available.
Could not fetch URL https://pypi.org/simple/pip/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /simple/pip/ (Caused by SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")) - skipping

我该如何解决这个问题，才能在Python 3.10上安装pip呢？

Answer 1

你可能缺少一个系统的SSL库，或者你的Python安装时没有支持SSL。

你可以通过运行 openssl version 和 python -c "import ssl; print(ssl.OPENSSL_VERSION)" 来判断是哪种情况。

如果只是缺少SSL库，解决方法可能很简单，只需要运行 yum install openssl。

如果你的Python安装没有SSL支持，那你可能需要从源代码编译Python。确保你在配置时启用 ./configure --with-ssl 这个选项。